Performance Enhancements of PEM Fuel Cells with Narrower Outlet Channels in Interdigitated Flow Field

Zhang, Xuyang; Chen, Shizhong; Xia, Zhongxian; Zhang, Xu; Liu, Hongtan

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2019.01.343

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Tekli, ikili ve üçlü serpantin akış alanlarının kullanıldığı ve bunların akış dönüş noktalarının (dirsek) açılarının keskin ve geniş dönüşlü olarak karşılaştırıldığı çalışmada, kendilerinin önerdikleri akış alanı tipinin daha iyi performans verdiğini öne sürmüşlerdir. Akış alanlarının karşılaştırılması yöntemi, literatürde sıklıkla kullanılmakta olup, pek çok çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Awin ve Dukhan, serpantin akış alanına sahip klasik grafit BP ile alüminyum içine yerleştirilen alüminyum metal köpük BP'nin performanslarını karşılaştırmıştır [30].…”

Section: Akış Alanlarıunclassified

Bipolar Plaka Akış Alanları Üzerine Deneysel Çalışmalar

Koçak¹,

Topcu²,

Aydın³

et al. 2019

acperpro

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ÖzetTemiz ve alternatif enerji arayışı, insanlığın sürekli artan enerji talebini karşılama doğrultusunda artış göstermektedir. Yakıt pilleri, yakıtın kimyasal enerjisini kullanarak doğrudan elektriğe dönüştüren yüksek verimli enerji dönüşüm sistemleridir. Klasik elektrik enerjisi üretim çevriminde yakıt önce yakılarak ısı enerjisi elde edilmekte, ardından buhar etkisi ile türbin döndürülmekte, jeneratörde akım elde edilmekte ve depolanmaktadır. Bu enerji dönüşümü oldukça karmaşık ve çok makineli bir sistem gerektirirken, her enerji dönüşümünde enerji kayıpları da meydana gelmektedir. Yakıt pillerinde ise sadece yakıtın elektronlarını devreden geçirerek yüksek elektriksel verimle enerji elde edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada yakıt pili çeşitlerinden PEM yakıt pilleri ele alınarak, PEM yakıt pillerinde kullanılan bipolar plakaların akış alanları incelenmiştir. Literatürde nümerik çalışmalar da bulunmakla birlikte, yakıt pillerinin oldukça değişken çalışma şartlarından dolayı deneysel olarak test etmek büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu nedenle son on yılda yapılmış olan deneysel çalışmalar, yöntemleriyle sunulmuştur. Günümüzde çok popüler bazı akış kanalları verilmekle beraber, akış kanallarını birbirleriyle karşılaştırma yöntemiyle üstünlüğün belirlendiği anlaşılmış ve günümüzde hala optimum akış kanalına ulaşılamadığı gözlemlenmiştir. AbstractBe in search of clean and alternative energy is increases with the increasing of energy demand of humanity. Fuel cells are high efficiency energy conversion systems that convert the fuel directly into electricity using the chemical energy of the fuel. In the classical electric power generation cycle, the first; fuel is burned and heat energy is obtained, then the turbine is turned with the effect of steam, after that current is obtained and stored in the generator. While this energy conversion requires a very complex and multi-machine system, energy losses occur with each energy conversion. In fuel cells, energy is obtained with high electrical efficiency using only electrons of the fuel. In this study, bipolar plate flow field was investigated used in PEM fuel cells. Although there are numerical studies in the literature, it is very important to test the fuel cells experimentally due to the highly variable operating conditions. For this reason, experimental studies in the last ten years were presented with their experimental approaches. Although some of the most popular flow channels are illustrated today, it is understood that superiority is determined by comparing the flow channels with each other and it is observed that the optimum flow channel is still not reached today.

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Section: Akış Alanlarıunclassified

Bipolar Plaka Akış Alanları Üzerine Deneysel Çalışmalar

Koçak¹,

Topcu²,

Aydın³

et al. 2019

acperpro

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The critical balance between diffusion and convection-dominated transport was investigated by Feser et al [11] using a non-dimensional analysis and quantified by Pharoah [12] in a serpentine-sample with GDL of various permeabilities. Zeng et al [13] proposed a non-dimensional Forchheimer number to characterize the flow regime in porous materials, and Zhang et al [14] and Um et al [15] showed the potential advantage of interdigitated designs. Choopanya and Yang [16] emphasized that the reactants' diffusion in the gas diffusion layers (GDL), the transport of ions through the electrolyte membrane, and electronic transport in the conductive components mainly occur along the cell thickness, for which the lowest conductivity/permeability values are measured, thus constituting high-resistance transport pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Modelling of a Hydrogen/Air PEM Fuel Cell with a Serpentine Gas Distributor

et al. 2021

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Hydrogen-fueled fuel cells are considered one of the key strategies to tackle the achievement of fully-sustainable mobility. The transportation sector is paying significant attention to the development and industrialization of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) to be introduced alongside batteries, reaching the goal of complete de-carbonization. In this paper a multi-phase, multi-component, and non-isothermal 3D-CFD model is presented to simulate the fluid, heat, and charge transport processes developing inside a hydrogen/air PEMFC with a serpentine-type gas distributor. Model results are compared against experimental data in terms of polarization and power density curves, including an improved formulation of exchange current density at the cathode catalyst layer, improving the simulation results’ accuracy in the activation-dominated region. Then, 3D-CFD fields of reactants’ delivery to the active electrochemical surface, reaction rates, temperature distributions, and liquid water formation are analyzed, and critical aspects of the current design are commented, i.e., the inhomogeneous use of the active surface for reactions, limiting the produced current and inducing gradients in thermal and reaction rate distribution. The study shows how a complete multi-dimensional framework for physical and chemical processes of PEMFC can be used to understand limiting processes and to guide future development.

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“…The traditional flow fields are based on two-dimensional (2D) graphic design and can be classified as lattice [4], parallel [5,6], serpentine [7,8], and interdigital [9,10] structures. The lattice structured bipolar plate has the lowest pressure drop, while the internal fluid velocity is low and the reaction gas has poor directivity, resulting in inconsistent gas distribution uniformity and easy flooding.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Modelling of 3D Bionic Cathode Flow Field for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

et al. 2021

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Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) have been utilized as a promising power source for new energy vehicles. Their performances are greatly affected by the structural design of the flow field in the bipolar plate. In this paper, we present a novel three-dimensional (3D) bionic cathode flow field, inspired by the small intestinal villi. The structural design and working principle of the 3D bionic flow field units are first described. A 3D numerical model is developed to study the mass transfer and distribution of the reactants and products, as well as the polarization performances of the PEMFC with the 3D bionic cathode flow field. The simulation results indicate that the proposed 3D bionic flow field can significantly improve the reaction gas supply from the flow field to porous electrodes, and thus would be beneficial for the removal of liquid water in the cathode. The mass transfer of gas in the PEMFC can be enhanced due to the increasing contact areas between the gas diffusion layer (GDL) and the cathode flow field, and the distribution of currents in the membrane would be more uniform. The obtained results demonstrated the feasibility of using the 3D bionic flow field for the development of highly efficient PEMFCs with high power density.

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Performance Enhancements of PEM Fuel Cells with Narrower Outlet Channels in Interdigitated Flow Field

Cited by 17 publications

References 12 publications

Bipolar Plaka Akış Alanları Üzerine Deneysel Çalışmalar

Bipolar Plaka Akış Alanları Üzerine Deneysel Çalışmalar

CFD Modelling of a Hydrogen/Air PEM Fuel Cell with a Serpentine Gas Distributor

Design and Modelling of 3D Bionic Cathode Flow Field for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

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