Performance comparison of phased array transducers for inspection of dissimilar welds on nuclear reactor components

Kumar, Santosh; Menaka, M.; Venkatraman, B.

doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2021.108482

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Note that the longitudinal-wave incidence has been used to inspect nuclear power plants. [58][59][60] The piezoelectric transducer was excited with a square wave at a voltage of -200 V. The propagation time in a wedge (i.e. |r I −r T |/V W ) was 2.5 μs.…”

Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-mode 3D ultrasonic phased array imaging method using piezoelectric and laser ultrasonic system (PLUS)

Ohara¹,

Ulrich²,

Remillieux³

et al. 2023

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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As a high-resolution 3D phased-array imaging method, a piezoelectric and laser ultrasonic system (PLUS) was proposed, which is a combination of a piezoelectric transmitter and an ultra-multiple scan of a laser Doppler vibrometer. Thus far, PLUS has used an identical mode for incident and scattered waves. On the other hand, the ultrasonic scattering phenomena can accompany the mode conversion, which may provide further information on defects. In this paper, we propose multi-mode PLUS to enhance its imaging capability and attain more robustness. After describing the principle of multi-mode PLUS, we validated the imaging algorithm and demonstrated the improvement in the image resolution using a dataset of simulated received waves for the longitudinal-wave incidence to scatterers. Furthermore, we experimentally demonstrated the efficacy of multi-mode PLUS in a specimen with branched stress corrosion cracking.

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Section: Simulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-mode 3D ultrasonic phased array imaging method using piezoelectric and laser ultrasonic system (PLUS)

Ohara¹,

Ulrich²,

Remillieux³

et al. 2023

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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“…In high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, the superheater section is made of 800H alloy while the evaporator section is made of low-alloy ferritic steel, and there are DMWs between them. In addition, DMWs are also widely used in welding rotors [ 6 ], reheaters [ 7 ], steam tubes [ 8 ], and other high-temperature applications [ 9 ] in power plants. For the above DMWs, the austenitic steel or nickel-based alloy side is generally reliable, and DMW service life is mainly affected by the ferritic steel side with relatively poor performance [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Evolution at Ni/Fe Interface in Dissimilar Metal Weld between Ferritic Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel

Li,

Nie,

Wang

et al. 2023

Materials

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The formation and evolution of microstructures at the Ni/Fe interface in dissimilar metal weld (DMW) between ferritic steel and austenitic stainless steel were investigated. Layered martensitic structures were noted at the nickel-based weld metal/12Cr2MoWVTiB steel interface after welding and post-weld heat treatment (PWHT). The formation of the interfacial martensite layer during welding was clarified and its evolution during PWHT was discussed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), focused ion beam (FIB), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission kikuchi diffraction (TKD), phase diagrams, and theoretical analysis. In as-welded DMW, the Ni/Fe interface structures consisted of the BCC quenched martensite layer and the FCC partially mixed zone (PMZ), which was the result of inhomogeneous solid phase transformation due to the chemical composition gradient. During the PWHT process, the BCC interfacial microstructure further evolved to a double-layered structure of tempered martensite and quenched martensite newly formed by local re-austenitization and austenite–martensite transformation. These types of martensitic structures induced inhomogeneous hardness distribution near the Ni/Fe interface, aggravating the mismatch of interfacial mechanical properties, which was a potential factor contributing to the degradation and failure of DMW.

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“…The most sensitive method is ultrasonic testing. The use of ultrasonic testing for dissimilar welded joints of reactor equipment is noted in several works [7,8].Essentially, testing is carried out using special equipment and techniques that take into account the design features of each welded joint [9,10]. However, the coarse-grained structure leads to a high attenuation of ultrasonic vibrations in the austenitic steels, and the complex structure of a dissimilar welded joint displays a high level of interference [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Structural State of Dissimilar Welded Joints by the Acoustic Emission Method

et al. 2022

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In this study, we investigated defect detection in dissimilar welded joints by the acoustic emission (AE) method. The study objects were carbide and decarburized interlayers, which are formed at the fusion boundary between austenitic and pearlitic steels. Diffusion interlayers, as a structural defect, usually have microscopic dimensions and cannot be detected using conventional non-destructive testing (NDT) methods. In this regard, the AE method is a promising approach to diagnose metal objects with a complex structure and to detect microscopic defects. In this paper, the AE signatures obtained from testing defect-free specimens and specimens with diffusion interlayers are analyzed. We found that the AE signature for defective and defect-free welded joints has significant differences, which makes it possible to identify descriptors corresponding to the presence of diffusion interlayers in dissimilar welded joints.

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Performance comparison of phased array transducers for inspection of dissimilar welds on nuclear reactor components

Cited by 7 publications

References 12 publications

Multi-mode 3D ultrasonic phased array imaging method using piezoelectric and laser ultrasonic system (PLUS)

Multi-mode 3D ultrasonic phased array imaging method using piezoelectric and laser ultrasonic system (PLUS)

Microstructure Evolution at Ni/Fe Interface in Dissimilar Metal Weld between Ferritic Steel and Austenitic Stainless Steel

Assessment of the Structural State of Dissimilar Welded Joints by the Acoustic Emission Method

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