Performance characterization of zero carbon emission microgrid in subtropical climate based on experimental energy and exergy analyses

Kumar, Keshav; Srivastava, Jagendra; Rakshit, Dibakar; Dutta, Viresh

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2017.10.044

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Figure 6 shows the I-V characteristics of the 1 kW PEMFC obtained using a DC resistive load bank with controlled hydrogen flow rate (≈13 NL/min at ≈1 kW). The ambient temperature during experiment was 27 C. The output characteristics follow a decrease in voltage with current with maximum power point at 28 V, 35 A. There are losses occur in PEMFC such as activation loss (due to kinematics of reaction), ohmic loss (due to internal impedance of FC) that increases with increase in load, and mass transfer loss (predominant at higher operating load).…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and analysis of fuel cell and photovoltaic based 110 V DC microgrid using hydrogen energy storage

2019

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A 110 V DC system has been designed for photovoltaic and fuel cell generators to operate DC loads such as LED lights, fans, laptop, and mobile phone charging in a DC microgrid. As the output characteristics of photovoltaic and fuel cell generators vary according to the operating conditions and connected load, the designing of the DC‐DC converter ensures that a stable DC voltage is available to the load under varying input voltage. A boost converter (with output power of 500 W) has therefore been fabricated to generate a stable 110 V output voltage for a widely varying input voltage (30‐85 V), which utilizes photovoltaic (750 Wp) and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (1 kW) power generators. The DC‐DC converter is designed to use either a silicon or silicon carbide power MOSFET by a suitably modified circuit, both are operated at 20 kHz switching frequency. The maximum converter efficiencies with silicon and silicon carbide MOSFETs are 95.7% and 97.8%, respectively. It is shown that the DC‐DC converter provides a stable operation with variations in operating conditions of photovoltaic and fuel cell generators and is well suited for application in a 110 V DC microgrid and Railways load applications. A feasibility study is performed for determining the sizes of photovoltaic and fuel cell generators to meet the Railways carriage load demand and found to be 5 kW photovoltaic and 5 kW fuel cell.

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Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Onsite hydrogen production from the PV using the electrolysis process is promising option. 35 Such type onsite hydrogen generation units can be installed at Railway stations. There are various hydrogen storage techniques such as high pressure cylinder, solid and liquid hydrogen storages.…”

Section: Feasibility Study Of 110 V Dc System In Indian Railways Bamentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and analysis of fuel cell and photovoltaic based 110 V DC microgrid using hydrogen energy storage

2019

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“…Effects of different shapes, size, and thermal management system on the performance of the MH have been studied . In literature, a number of studies have been done on the RPGs‐based microgrid system including the hydrogen as storage medium in system and simulation domains . Some of the studies are focused on the MH‐based hydrogen storage system in microgrid .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno‐economic analysis of metal hydride‐based energy storage system in microgrid

2019

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Hydrogen can be a promising option as an energy storage medium in renewable power generator‐based microgrid. However, the technologies used for the hydrogen storage such as high pressure in gaseous form and solid storages can significantly affect the cost performance of the hydrogen‐based microgrid. In this study, a techno‐economic assessment for solid hydrogen storage (metal hydride [MH])‐based microgrid in Indian operating conditions has been carried out in terms of levelized cost of electricity (LCOE), net present cost, and avoided environmental emissions. In the present microgrid, excess photovoltaic (PV) generator electricity is used to generate hydrogen using the alkaline water electrolyzer (EL). This generated hydrogen is stored in the MH cylinder. The stored hydrogen is converted back into electricity by fuel cell (FC) in case of insufficiency of PV electricity. The sizing of the microgrid components such as PV, FC, EL, and hydrogen storage tank are obtained for given load profile using HOMER optimization tool. An attempt has been made for the cost evaluation of the solid and high‐pressure gaseous storages in the microgrid. A comparative study between two energy storage mediums such as battery and hydrogen in microgrid is also performed. In case of battery and hydrogen storages, the LCOE is found to be 0.1293 and 0.383 $/kWh, respectively. It was found that battery storage system is more economical than hydrogen storage in microgrid. Nonetheless, the difference between the LCOE in hydrogen‐based microgrid is reduced considerably with optimized cost scenario of the EL, FC, and H2 storage tank as compared to the battery storage. Such technical, economic, and environmental assessment of the MH‐based microgrid system provides a firm basis to policymakers for shaping energy and environment policies for hydrogen activities.

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Operational characteristics of metal hydride energy storage system in microgrid

Kumar

Alam

Rakshit

et al. 2019

Energy Conversion and Management

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Performance characterization of zero carbon emission microgrid in subtropical climate based on experimental energy and exergy analyses

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Design and analysis of fuel cell and photovoltaic based 110 V DC microgrid using hydrogen energy storage

Design and analysis of fuel cell and photovoltaic based 110 V DC microgrid using hydrogen energy storage

Techno‐economic analysis of metal hydride‐based energy storage system in microgrid

Operational characteristics of metal hydride energy storage system in microgrid

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