Performance Characteristics of Seven Neuron-Specific Enolase Assays

Abstract

We have previously shown that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) inhibits expression of the metastasis-promoting protein S100A4. In the present study, we further explore the mechanism behind the IFN-gamma-mediated effects on the human S100A4 promoter and demonstrate that IFN-gamma represses S100A4 promoter activity through induction of the class II transactivator (CIITA). The acidic domain in the N-terminal part of CIITA was crucial for the observed IFN-gamma-induced inhibition of S100A4 promoter activity, probably by binding the histone acetyltransferase CBP/p300. Importantly, overexpression of CIITA significantly reduced the expression of endogenous S100A4. Our data suggest a model where CIITA represses S100A4 transcription through sequestering of CBP/p300, thereby reducing the level of CBP/p300 at the S100A4 promoter, which in turn leads to inhibition of S100A4 transcription.

Prognosis of coma after therapeutic hypothermia: A prospective cohort study

“…Although a systematic review suggested that an NSE serum level of >33μg/liter is a reliable predictor in patients after CPR, data on several patients with good outcomes despite much higher NSE levels have since been reported 4, 25. This can probably be explained by different laboratory methods used to determine NSE levels and other clinical factors such as hemolysis, which can lead to high NSE levels unrelated to brain damage 26, 27. Data on NSE levels after hypothermia are again conflicting.…”

Plasma tau protein in comatose patients after cardiac arrest treated with therapeutic hypothermia

“…However, the optimal time point differs among the predictors. Also, the predictive value varies in different studies and cut‐off values are dependent of the assay used …”

CT-proAVP (copeptin), MR-proANP and Peroxiredoxin 4 after cardiac arrest: release profiles and correlation to outcome

“…The search for a reliable biomarker to improve prognostication has proven difficult . Most interest has been focused on brain‐derived biomarkers, where neuron‐specific enolase (NSE) is the best studied and was recommended by practice guidelines prior to the era of temperature management …”