“…The four basic arrangements are: the parallel-input/parallel-output (PIPO), the parallel-input/series-output (PISO), the series-input/parallel-output (SIPO), and the series-input/series-output (SISO). Various dc-dc converter topologies like the buck and buck-based [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19], the boost and boost-based [11,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29], and the buck-boost-based [25,[30][31][32] have been used for the constituent modules of modular converters. The semiconductor devices employed in these converters are commonly driven using pulse-width modulation (PWM) techniques with the converter being operated under voltage-mode control (VMC) or current-mode control (CMC) [1, 2, 4, 6-10, 12, 13, 16, 17, 19-26, 31, 32].…”