Performance and Properties of a Solid Amine Sorbent for Carbon Dioxide Removal in Space Life Support Applications

Abstract

NASA is currently using a solid amine sorbent known as HSC + for regeneratively removing CO 2 in space shuttle applications. This sorbent may also be of value for CO 2 removal in various industrial processes such as greenhouse gas control, industrial syntheses, and natural gas purification. To design novel sorbents and to design a CO 2 scrubber based on HSC + , physical and thermochemical property data are required. In this paper, we present a detailed experimental investigation of property data and long-term performance results using HSC + as a CO 2 sorbent. Differential scanning calorimetry was used to determine the heat capacity of the material. Cyclic and equilibrium capacities of the material for CO 2 pickup were determined and long-term test data show excellent performance. In addition, we have determined the heat of adsorption associated with CO 2 pickup by HSC + and the effect of moisture, using isothermal flow calorimetry. We have also performed thermal gravimetric analyses on the materials to gain insight into the stability of the material and determine the temperatures at which CO 2 and constituents of HSC + leave the surface of the material.

High efficiency nanocomposite sorbents for CO2 capture based on amine-functionalized mesoporous capsules

“…Once the sorbent is exposed to CO 2 , the fresh PEI reacts with CO 2 and yields carbamate and other CO 2 -amine complexes as suggested by FT-IR spectra. 41,15 42 As more CO 2 is adsorbed, the viscosity of polyethylenimine increases substantially, which builds up diffusion resistance for CO 2 . In fact pure PEI becomes gel-like after CO 2 exposure (Fig.…”

Ultramicroporous silicon nitride ceramics for CO2 capture

“…3,4 Materials with chemisorption mechanism adsorb CO 2 selectively even in the presence of other gases and can operate at high temperatures, indicating advantages over solid materials, which operate by physisorption mechanism. [11][12][13] These materials include amine-modified solid sorbents, 12,14,15 inorganic-based materials such as hydrotalcites, 16 lithium zirconates, 17 and partially, porous materials with unsaturated metal centers (UMCs). 13 Because of the rigid network of UMCs, the accessibility of CO 2 to the adsorption sites is restricted and thus, CO 2 is not adsorbed through a pure chemisorption mechanism.…”

Synthesis and characterization of organoamine-functionalized amorphous silica materials for CO₂-selective membranes

“…3),5) Consequently, amine-functionalized solid sorbents that are characterized by a high selectivity, a moderate heat of adsorption as well as low cost regeneration of the sorbent, 6), 7) has received considerable attention, particularly in the development of membranes for facilitated transport of CO 2 .…”