“…As early as 1981 methanol demonstration fleets were in operation in California (Nichols, 1983). This interest in methanol fuel vehicles has sparked research at a number of institutions, including EPA (Black and Gabele, 1991;Gabele and Knapp, 1993;Gabele and Black, 1993;Gabele, 1990;Bruetsch and Hellman, 1992;Hellman and Piotrowski, 1990); C A M (1991a, 1991b); AQIRP (1992aAQIRP ( , 1992b; CEC (Blackburn, 1994) General Motors (GM) (Kirwan, 1993;Williams et al, 1990) and foreign auto makers (Myung et al, 1991;Myung et al, 1993;Nishide et al, 1992). While future technologies are included in some of these programs (see below), much of the published research to date has been performed on a limited number of prototype vehicles.…”