Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of a spark ignition engine using ethanol and ethanol-reformed gas

Park, Cheolwoong; Choi, Young; Kim, Chang-Gi; Oh, Sung‐Yong; Lim, Gihun; Moriyoshi, Yasuo

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2010.03.018

Cited by 129 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…These experimental results are consistent with the results of the analytical model, which predicts NOx reductions that are lower than the variability of the experimental results. Additionally, they agree with results reported by several authors who tested engines varying the ethanol content in the fuel [4,17,18]. …”

Section: Nox Emission Indexsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These studies have found that the use of blends with low concentrations of ethanol (<20% v/v ethanol) have a negligible effect on the power and torque generated by the engine [9][10][11]. Likewise, a negligible effect on CO 2 emissions and a slight reduction on CO, NOx and HC emissions has been found [4,9,12,13]. However, the validity of these results is limited to the particular conditions under which the tests were carried out and by the reduced number of engines tested.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles

et al. 2018

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Abstract:The use of ethanol in gasoline has become a worldwide tendency as an alternative to reduce net CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere, increasing gasoline octane rating and reducing dependence on petroleum products. However, recently environmental authorities in large urban centers have expressed their concerns on the true effect of using ethanol blends of up to 20% v/v in in-use vehicles without any modification in the setup of the engine control unit (ECU), and on the variations of these effects along the years of operation of these vehicles. Their main concern is the potential increase in the emissions of volatile organic compounds with high ozone formation potential. To address these concerns, we developed analytical and experimental work testing engines under steady-conditions. We also tested carbureted and fuel-injected vehicles every 10,000 km during their first 100,000 km of operation. We measured the effect of using ethanol-gasoline blends on the power and torque generated, the fuel consumption and CO 2 , CO, NOx and unburned hydrocarbon emissions, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as acetaldehyde, formaldehyde, benzene and 1,3-butadiene which are considered important ozone precursors. The obtained results showed statistically no significant differences in these variables when vehicles operate with a blend of 20% v/v ethanol and 80% v/v gasoline (E20) instead of gasoline. Those results remained unchanged during the first 100,000 km of operation of the vehicles. We also observed that when the vehicles operated with E20 at high engine loads, they showed a tendency to operate with greater values of λ (ratio of the actual air-fuel ratio to the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio) when compared to their operation with gasoline. According to the Eco-Indicator-99, these results represent a minor reduction (<1.3%) on the impact to human health, and on the deterioration of the ecosystem. However, it implies a 12.9% deterioration of the natural resources. Thermal equilibrium analysis, at the tailpipe conditions (~100 • C), showed that ethane, formaldehyde, ethylene and ethanol are the most relevant VOCs in terms of the amount of mass emitted. The use of ethanol in the gasoline reduced 20-40% of those emissions. These reductions implied an average reduction of 17% in the ozone formation potential.

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Section: Nox Emission Indexsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles

et al. 2018

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“…The effects of using biomass fuels and bioethanol and biodiesel blends on tailpipe emissions have been examined by numerous authors with varying results (Schifter et al, 2004(Schifter et al, , 2011Niven, 2005;Coelho et al, 2006;Fernando et al, 2006;Goldemberg et al, 2008;Graham et al, 2008;Pang et al, 2008;Coronado et al, 2009;Costa and Sodré, 2009;Demirbas, 2009;Hilton and Duddy, 2009;Roayaei and Taheri, 2009;Yanowitz and McCormick, 2009;Yoon et al, 2009;Zhai et al, 2009;Park et al, 2010). Fuel blends, combustion and ambient temperatures as well as additives play a decisive role in air pollutant formation (Lucon et al, 2005;Coelho et al, 2006;Graham et al, 2008;Ginnebaugh et al, 2010).…”

Section: Srren 43 Of 135 Chaptermentioning

confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy in the Context of Sustainable Development

Sathaye¹,

Lucon²,

Rahman³

et al. 2011

Renewable Energy Sources and Climate Change Mitigation

102

107

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“…Furthermore, ethanol also acts as fuel additive to improve the engine performance [12]. Some researchers proved that ethanol has several advantages over gasoline such as the reduction of CO and HC emissions burning and better antiknock characteristics, which allow the use of a higher compression ratio of the engine [13][14][15]. Research by Al-Farayedhi [16] on the SI engine showed that the addition of ethanol in gasoline can reduce emissions of CO gas, especially in the rich combustion conditions for the extra oxygen already contained in ethanol (available oxygen contained).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ethanol addition on the performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine

Sasongko¹,

Wijayanti²

2017

J. MECH. ENG. SCI.

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The depletion of fossil fuel availability and increase of pollution due to the use of fossil fuels have forced the researcher to find a renewable-friendly energy source. One of the potential replacements is alcohol based fuel. This present study investigated experimentally the influence of ethanol addition on the engine performance, in terms of effective power, brake specific fuel consumption, and exhaust emissions of a gasoline spark ignition engine. The engine used in the research was a 4-stroke single cylinder, indirect injection system with engine capacity of 124.8cc, and compression ratio of 9.3:1. The experiments were conducted at eight different engine speeds ranging from 1500 rpm to 5000 rpm and 10 types of gasoline-ethanol mixtures (E10 to E100). The result showed that the effective power decreased with the increase of ethanol in the fuel blends for all variations of engine speed. Leaning effect of ethanol addition in the blend fuel caused the CO emissions to decrease greatly as well as the HC emissions. On average, gasoline engine fueled by pure ethanol reduced the CO emission level by more than 60 % in volume compared to the engine with gasoline fuel. On average, the maximum power of the engine with fuel blend was obtained at engine speed of around 2500 to 3000 rpm. For higher ethanol content on the fuel blend, the optimum shift to the lower engine speed. It can be concluded that engine operation with ethanol content on the fuel performed better in the lower engine speed.

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Performance and exhaust emission characteristics of a spark ignition engine using ethanol and ethanol-reformed gas

Cited by 129 publications

References 15 publications

The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles

The Effect of Using Ethanol-Gasoline Blends on the Mechanical, Energy and Environmental Performance of In-Use Vehicles

Renewable Energy in the Context of Sustainable Development

Effect of ethanol addition on the performance and exhaust emissions of a spark ignition engine

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