“…Theorem 1: The distance metric (δ H , δ p ) of an error event depends only on the input a k t ,â k t , t = 1, · · · , L e , k = 1, · · · , R, but not on the starting good product state, for the length of the error event, L e , and the number of input bits per state transition, R. 5 5 For the proof, refer to [16].…”