Performance and calibration of the helicoper GPR system BGR-P30

Blindow, N.; Salat, Christina; Gundelach, V.; Buschmann, Ulrich; Kahnt, Wolfgang

doi:10.1109/iwagpr.2011.5963896

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…To further validate and improve ice-thickness distribution models, more ice-thickness 5 measurement, for instance from GPR is needed, in particular in regions with sparse data coverage, such as the HK region (Bolch et al, 2012). New technologies, such as airborne GPR (Blindow et al, 2011) offer new possibilities for such measurements, which are less biased towards flat and easy accessible glacier parts and, hence, can serve as a basis for improved estimations of total glacier volumes as well. Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | ability.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ice volume estimates for the Himalaya–Karakoram region: evaluating different methods

Frey¹,

Machguth²,

Huss³

et al. 2013

Preprint

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Ice volume estimates are crucial for assessing water reserves stored in glaciers. A variety of different methodologies exist but there is a lack of systematic comparative analysis thereof. Due to its large glacier coverage, such estimates are of particular interest for the Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) region. Here, three volume-area V-A) relations, a slope-dependent estimation method, and two icethickness distribution models are applied to a complete glacier inventory of the HK region. An uncertainty and sensitivity assessment is performed to investigate the influence of the input glacier areas, and model approaches and parameters on the resulting total ice volumes. Results of the two ice-thickness distribution models are validated with local ice-thickness measurements at six glaciers. The resulting ice volumes for the entire HK region range from 2955km³ to 6455km³, depending on the approach. Results from the ice thickness distribution models and the slope-dependent thickness estimations agree well with measured local ice thicknesses while V-A relations show stronger deviations. The study provides evidence on the significant effect of the selected method on results and underlines the importance of a careful and critical evaluation. More ice-thickness measurements are needed to improve models and results in the future. AbstractIce volume estimates are crucial for assessing water reserves stored in glaciers. A variety of different methodologies exist but there is a lack of systematic comparative analysis thereof. Due to its large glacier coverage, such estimates are of particular interest for the Himalayan-Karakoram (HK) region. Here, three volume-area (V-A) relations, 5 a slope-dependent estimation method, and two ice-thickness distribution models are applied to a complete glacier inventory of the HK region. An uncertainty and sensitivity assessment is performed to investigate the influence of the input glacier areas, and model approaches and parameters on the resulting total ice volumes. Results of the two ice-thickness distribution models are validated with local ice-thickness measurements 10 at six glaciers. The resulting ice volumes for the entire HK region range from 2955 km 3 to 6455 km 3 , depending on the approach. Results from the ice thickness distribution models and the slope-dependent thickness estimations agree well with measured local ice thicknesses while V-A relations show stronger deviations. The study provides evidence on the significant effect of the selected method on results and underlines the 15 importance of a careful and critical evaluation. More ice-thickness measurements are needed to improve models and results in the future. IntroductionThe Himalaya-Karakoram (HK) region has the largest glacier coverage outside the polar regions, but the understanding of these glaciers is relatively sparse, due to their 20 remoteness, the harsh topography, and complex political situations, all of which complicate physical access (Bolch et al., 2012). Glaciers influence the runoff regime of Indus, Ganges, and...

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confidence: 99%

Ice volume estimates for the Himalaya–Karakoram region: evaluating different methods

Frey¹,

Machguth²,

Huss³

et al. 2013

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Adapted to proper proportions for a handling in the galleries we constructed a pair of shielded 40 MHz antennae. The basis for that development was a low frequency antenna [11] normally carried by helicopter used for ice thickness measurements [12]. The data records of this system are measured continuously with 256-fold stacking at an antenna speed of 1-2 m/s.…”

Section: Measurements In Boreholesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation of internal salt structures with GPR amplitudes

Gundelach

Blindow

Buschmann

et al. 2013

2013 7th International Workshop on Advanced Ground Penetrating Radar

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In salt deposits with low electric conductivity ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an efficient non destructive tool for the exploration of internal structures. Faulted salt layers, potassium, clay, and anhydrite can be mapped by measuring distance and direction of reflecting objects. Various antenna types help to enhance resolution or penetration depth. Additional information about the conductivity of reflecting structures is included in the attenuation of the direct and reflected signals. Within the last two decades unique results from a salt dome in Northern Germany with various GPR systems were achieved. With this information a classification of various salt structures can be made by studying the signal amplitudes of reflections and of the direct wave between transmitting and receiving antenna, especially with borehole measurements.

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“…Other helicopter GPR surveys have imaged the snow cover of glaciers (Machguth et al , ; Gusmeroli et al , ), detected oil spills in ice (Bradford et al, ) and tested the applicability of this technique for finding avalanche victims (Fruehauf et al ., ). Besides cryosphere applications, airborne GPR has been applied for resolving hydrological issues (Blindow et al , ) and for characterising sedimentary structures (Gundelach et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Ground-Based and Helicopter Ground-Penetrating Radar Data Acquired Across an Alpine Rock Glacier

Merz

Maurer

Buchli

et al. 2015

Permafrost and Periglac. Process.

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To forecast rock glacier movements, it is necessary to have dependable information on their internal structures and physical properties. A first attempt to expand our knowledge of a rock glacier in the Swiss Alps involved acquiring ground-based ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data along numerous profiles using different acquisition systems and antennae with different nominal frequencies. Images derived from these ground-based data were inconsistent and unreliable. For our second attempt, we recorded GPR data using a helicopter-mounted system. The helicopter GPR sections were surprisingly good, with consistent images along adjacent and intersecting profiles. Internal shear horizons, ice-rich and ice-poor regions and the bedrock interface were well delineated on the helicopter GPR images. Besides providing excellent-quality images, the helicopter GPR system allowed areas of the rock glacier to be surveyed that would have been difficult or impossible to access for a ground-based study. Because near-surface heterogeneity does not seem to have a major effect on helicopter GPR data acquired across a rugged rock glacier, we suggest that helicopter GPR surveying might be useful for investigating many terrains covered by heterogeneous loose material, including debris avalanches, scree slopes and rockfalls.

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Performance and calibration of the helicoper GPR system BGR-P30

Cited by 22 publications

References 6 publications

Ice volume estimates for the Himalaya–Karakoram region: evaluating different methods

Ice volume estimates for the Himalaya–Karakoram region: evaluating different methods

Correlation of internal salt structures with GPR amplitudes

Evaluation of Ground-Based and Helicopter Ground-Penetrating Radar Data Acquired Across an Alpine Rock Glacier

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