Performance analysis of single and double basin-inclined solar water distillation systems with and without black-fleece wick

The energy efficiency of interfacial solar desalination

“…1a), namely bottom heating, which has an evaporation efficiency of 30%-45% due to the separation of heat and vapor generation 8 . To reduce heat loss, volumetric heating using ink 9 or nanofluids suspended in water 10 has been put forward to achieve heating uniformly (Fig. 1b).…”