Performance Analysis of Mapping Functions and Mean Temperature Equations for GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor in the Korean Peninsula

Park, Han-Earl; Yoo, Seung‐Hwan; Yoon, Ha-Su; Chung, Jong‐Kyun; Cho, Jungho

doi:10.11003/jpnt.2016.5.2.075

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Finally, Vienna Mapping Function 1 (VMF1) was used to perform data processing for mapping functions, thereby analyzing the effect of mapping function on the accuracy of data processing. (20)…”

Section: Gnss Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fog and Cloudiness Monitoring Using Global Navigation Satellite System Precipitable Water Vapor

Wonjong¹,

Choi²,

Hasu³

2022

Sensors and Materials

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Fog is formed when water vapor in the atmosphere condenses into miniscule floating water droplets, rendering a visibility of less than 1 km. Fog causes economic damage and poses a hazard to people owing to limited visibility. Fog forecasts depend on the judgment and experience of the forecaster, who bases the forecast on analysis results from meteorological models and satellite images. However, such forecasts are complicated by spatiotemporal changes and fine physical processes. To address this issue, a variety of fog studies have used the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) tropospheric signal delay as an alternative. In this study, we monitored fog and cloudiness by analyzing precipitable water vapor (PWV) extracted from GNSS tropospheric delay. The analysis of the change in PWV during fog generation showed that it is difficult to detect fog from PWV using GNSS; more precise GNSS processing is required. However, it was found that cloudiness affects the change in PWV. In particular, the change in PWV is affected by high-level and middle-level clouds rather than low-level clouds. In other words, we conducted research to detect fog and cloudiness, but it was difficult to monitor them using PWV calculated from GNSS, although the use of GNSS to monitor the high-level and middle-level clouds generated good results. The results of this study will aid in quantitative cloudiness measurements, which at present are mostly performed through non-quantitative visual inspection. Furthermore, these results are expected to be helpful in the development of automatic observation devices for cloudiness measurements, satellite image processing, and weather forecasting.

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Section: Gnss Data Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fog and Cloudiness Monitoring Using Global Navigation Satellite System Precipitable Water Vapor

Wonjong¹,

Choi²,

Hasu³

2022

Sensors and Materials

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Climatology of Tropospheric Relative Humidity over the Korean Peninsula from Radiosonde and ECMWF Reanalysis

et al. 2020

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Conventional radiosondes can be used to measure the relative humidity over liquid (RHL) by assuming a saturated vapor pressure over the liquid. However, this assumption results in significant errors with respect to measurements in the upper troposphere, where the effect of ice is dominant. Therefore, this study presents a novel method that considers the effects of ice to determine the relative humidity from radiosonde RHL data for the last 40 years (1979–2018) over the upper layers of the Korean peninsula. Even though the relative humidity obtained from the reanalysis data was significantly different from the radiosonde-based RHL, the difference was much reduced when relative humidity was calculated using the novel method proposed in this study. Such improvements in the estimated relative humidity could be attributed to the consideration of the ice effect at temperatures above freezing level. Additionally, the validity of the relative humidity estimated in this study was established based on a two-week case analysis of data from Boseong station. Furthermore, two peak relative humidity modes for the lower and upper layers were clearly identified in the mean climatology profiles, which indirectly suggested the absence of mid-level clouds around the 700-hPa level and 500-hPa level in winter and summer, respectively. This study is meaningful as it is the first study to determine the relative humidity distribution over the Korean peninsula using radiosonde observations. The scientific value obtained can potentially be expanded by applying the proposed method to other radiosonde observation networks, which are widely distributed worldwide.

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Investigating the Influence of Water Vapor on Heavy Rainfall Events in the Southern Korean Peninsula

2023

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In this study, we examined the influence of water vapor on heavy rainfall events over the complex mountainous terrain of the southern Korean Peninsula using rawinsonde and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) datasets from a mobile observation vehicle (MOVE). Results demonstrated that the prevailing southeasterly winds enhanced precipitation on the leeward side of the mountainous region. The probability of severe rainfall increased in the highest precipitable water vapor (PWV) bin (>60 mm). A lead–lag analysis demonstrated that the atmosphere remained moist for 1 h before and after heavy rainfall. The temporal behavior of PWV retrieved from the MOVE-GNSS data demonstrated that during Changma (the summer monsoon) (Case 1), heavy rainfall events experience a steep decrease after a long increasing trend in PWV. However, the most intense rainfall events occurred after a rapid increase in PWV along with a strong southwesterly water vapor flow during convective instability (Case 2), and they had consistently higher moisture and greater instability than those in Case 1 over the entire period. The results of this study can provide some insights to improve the predictability of heavy rainfall in the southern Korean Peninsula.

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Performance Analysis of Mapping Functions and Mean Temperature Equations for GNSS Precipitable Water Vapor in the Korean Peninsula

Cited by 3 publications

References 15 publications

Fog and Cloudiness Monitoring Using Global Navigation Satellite System Precipitable Water Vapor

Fog and Cloudiness Monitoring Using Global Navigation Satellite System Precipitable Water Vapor

Climatology of Tropospheric Relative Humidity over the Korean Peninsula from Radiosonde and ECMWF Reanalysis

Investigating the Influence of Water Vapor on Heavy Rainfall Events in the Southern Korean Peninsula

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