Performance analysis of Kalman filter-based clock synchronization in IEEE 1588 networks

Giorgi, Giada; Narduzzi, C.

doi:10.1109/ispcs.2009.5340221

Cited by 57 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In the simulation, two typical drifting clocks presented in (Giorgi & Narduzzi, 2011) are simulated. The skews of the Clock A and B are subject to a random perturbation with standard variances σ γ = 10 −8 and 10 −9 respectively, and their offset noises are of standard variances σ θ = 10 −6 and 10 −7 respectively.…”

Section: Simulations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 6 shows how the offset θ [n] in the free-running mode varies against different clock's parameter variations. Three different clocks are considered in this simulation: the lower performance one (Clock A) corresponds to a personal computer clock (as Clock A in (Giorgi & Narduzzi, 2011)), while the higher performance one (Clock B) presents the same values of σ θ and σ γ as the Clock B characterized in (Giorgi & Narduzzi, 2011). The characteristics of Clock C is between those of the former two clocks.…”

Section: Free-running Mode Of Drifting Pco Clockmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Simulation and evaluation of pulse-coupled oscillators in wireless sensor networks

Zong

Dai

Binns

et al. 2018

Systems Science & Control Engineering

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The clock in embedded systems usually is driven by a crystal oscillator and implemented via a counter register, such a crystal clock is non-identical and drifting due to the manufacturing tolerance and variation of working conditions. Thus, a common time among distributed wireless sensor nodes, also referred to as Time Synchronization, is required for many time-sensitive wireless applications, such as collaborative condition monitoring, coordinated control and localization. Inspired by fireflies' behaviour, the Pulse-Coupled Oscillators (PCO) has been proposed for synchronization in complex networks. Since the concurrent transmission of PCO's Pulses is impossible in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), the desynchronization mechanism is adopted to ensure the implementation of PCO in WSNs. Moreover, due to the uncertainties in radio channels and the complexities of communication protocols and packet-exchange behaviours in wireless networks, it is challenging to have a closed-form solution to the performance of PCO synchronization in WSNs. The realistic software simulation, in particular, the discrete event simulator has been a powerful tool to exam the performance of communication protocols in various scenarios, since an order sequence of well-defined event in time is to represent the behaviour of a complex system. This paper presents the development of a pulse-coupled oscillators time synchronization simulator on the OMNeT++ platform for simulating and studying its behaviour and performance in sensor networks. A clock module with configurable phase and frequency noises, and adjustable and higher resolution is developed to mimic various crystal oscillators in embedded systems, for example, the 32.768 kHz real-time clock. The developed simulator also supports the full functions devices defined by ZigBee protocol, which allows realistic simulation of multi-hop IEEE 802.15.4 wireless networks. Finally, the intensive simulations of classical PCO with the refractory period in IEEE 802.15.4-based WSNs have been carried out to demonstrate the features and benefits of the developed simulator. It is shown that for the non-identical and timevarying PCO clocks in the WSNs, the achieved synchronization will lose gradually, and the time that maintained synchronization depends on the length of refractory period.

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Section: Simulations and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Free-running Mode Of Drifting Pco Clockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and evaluation of pulse-coupled oscillators in wireless sensor networks

Zong

Dai

Binns

et al. 2018

Systems Science & Control Engineering

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“…This approach assumes that peer delays are constant and that the asymmetry can be compensated. Giorgi et al [19] designed a Kalman filter-based clock servo to estimate the clock offset and skew affected by uncertainties in time stamping [20].…”

Section: Time Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the current PTP-based time synchronization mechanisms mostly focus on the design of a clock servo in slave nodes, but they ignore the effects from intermediate node interference [18,19]. Moreover, these schemes involve additional communication overhead to maintain the tree structure based network topology.…”

Section: Time Synchronizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-slotted software-defined Industrial Ethernet for real-time Quality of Service in Industry 4.0

Zeng

Wang

Jia

et al. 2019

Future Generation Computer Systems

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“…To derive an accurate model for a realistic PCO clock (i.e., non-identical and time-varying PCO mathematical clock), the behavior of clock is modelled using the state-space approach. This approach is considered in several works (e.g., [7] and [9]), and has the advantage that specific features of clock behavior can be described as well as leading to the consideration of a proportional controller in the implementation of PCO interactive mode.…”

Section: B Contribution and Paper Organizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling and Synchronization of Pulse-Coupled Non-identical Oscillators for Wireless Sensor Networks

Zong

Dai

Busawon

et al. 2018

2018 IEEE 16th International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

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Time synchronization in wireless sensor networks, aiming to provide a common sense of timing among distributed sensor nodes, is a key enabling technology for many applications, such as collaborative condition monitoring, time-of-flight localization and underwater navigation and tactical surveillance. In order to solve the challenges of the manufacturing tolerance and working condition variations in any real-world environments, a novel state-space model for pulse-coupled non-identical oscillators is proposed to model a realistic clock oscillator with nonidentical and time-varying frequency. A state feedback correction, referred to as hybrid coupling mechanism, is also proposed to ensure the system move into steady state, thus achieving time synchronization in wireless sensor networks. Furthermore, the intensive simulations of single-hop wireless sensor networks have been carried out to evaluate the performance of proposed pulsecoupled non-identical oscillators. It is shown that a partiallyconnected wireless network consisting of 50 non-identical pulsecoupled oscillators can achieve the synchronization with the precision of 40us.

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Performance analysis of Kalman filter-based clock synchronization in IEEE 1588 networks

Cited by 57 publications

References 10 publications

Simulation and evaluation of pulse-coupled oscillators in wireless sensor networks

Simulation and evaluation of pulse-coupled oscillators in wireless sensor networks

Time-slotted software-defined Industrial Ethernet for real-time Quality of Service in Industry 4.0

Modelling and Synchronization of Pulse-Coupled Non-identical Oscillators for Wireless Sensor Networks

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