Performance Analysis of Gamma–Gamma Fading FSO MIMO Links With Pointing Errors

Summary This paper proposes a spectral efficiency improvement technique for millimeter wave (mmWave) links. The proposed technique provides an efficient utilization of the mmWave link capacity. This technique is applied in three cases the single‐input single‐output (SISO), single‐input multiple‐output (SIMO) with the maximal ratio combining and with the equal gain combining. The M‐ary quadrature amplitude modulation scheme is used in our work. The power series expansion is used for deriving closed‐form expressions for bit error rate (BER) performances in all studied cases. The BER closed‐form expressions are confirmed by the numerical solution of the integral equations. The simulation results show that a high spectral efficiency can be accomplished by the proposed technique. As well as the derived expressions closely match with the numerical solution of integration expressions at different values of modulations order the Rician factor. For instance, the spectral efficiency gain achievement is 8 at signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) equals 34 dB in the case of SISO system whereas in the case of SIMO system, the same gain is achieved at SNR equals 24 dB. As well as the BER performance is enhanced from 1.188 × 10−4, 7.112 × 10−4, 4.164 × 10−3, and 3.286 × 10−2 to 8.717 × 10−16, 1.119 × 10−12, 1.308 × 10−9, and 4.905 × 10−6 for M = 4, 16, 64, and 256, respectively, at SNR equals 30 dB.

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“…For SIMO system using MRC diversity technique with N r receiver antennas, the SNR at the MRC combiner output can be represented as

γ_{MRC} = \overset{γ}{true} true \sum_{l = 1}^{N_{r}} {((), h_{l})}^{2} .

In the case of the SIMO system using the EGC technique, the SNR at the EGC combiner output is given as

γ_{EGC} = \frac{\overset{γ}{true}}{N_{r}} {((), true \sum_{l = 1}^{N_{r}} h_{l})}^{2} .

…”

Section: System Model and Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral efficiency improvement with SISO and SIMO in M‐QAM over millimeter‐wave links

Alnahhal

Ismail

Nasr

2019

Int J Communication

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“…Very recently, models of the turbulence induced fading with PDFs based on infinite series expansions, appeared in the technical literature, e.g., [8] and [9]. These PDFs were mainly proposed in order to simplify the derivation of metrics such as the bit-error-rate.…”

Section: Accuracy Of the Approximationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Tractable Model for Turbulence- and Misalignment-Induced Fading in Optical Wireless Systems

2016

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Composite models for the combined effect of both scintillation and misalignment induced fading in terrestrial optical wireless systems are often expressed in terms of higherorder special functions, making, thus, the performance evaluation of such links quite complicated. In order to overcome this problem, we propose the mixture Gamma distribution as an accurate approximation of the turbulence effect. Then, a tractable mixture distribution is deduced, for the statistical description of the composite scintillation/pointing error effects. Some statistical metrics of the new model are also derived in closed form, which provides insight information for the system design.

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“…Referring to the derivation of MRC receive diversity FSO systems in [21,22], we can obtain the MRC BER expression as…”

Section: Ber Of Siso Rc and Tls Fso Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To investigate the performance of the four transmit-diversity techniques in our paper, we illustrate the BER curves of the MIMO FSO systems adopting RC at transmitters and EGC or MRC at receivers, with diversity methods in [21][22][23] for comparison. For the sake of fairness, we also present the BER curve of a MISO FSO system with RC and EGC as Pb RC (e), and a MISO FSO system with RC and MRC as Pb MRC (e).…”

Section: Numerical Simulation and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the concept of spatial diversity in FSO differs from that in traditional RF communications. As introduced in [11], spatial diversity in FSO systems can be realized via the use of multiple apertures at the receiver (receive diversity) [12], multiple beams at the transmitter (transmit diversity) [13][14][15], or a combination of the two [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Receive diversity and transmit diversity are usually referred to as SIMO (Single-Input Multiple-Outputs) and MISO (Multiple-Inputs Single-Output) respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asymptotic Performance Analysis of Free-Space Optical Links with Transmit Diversity

Feng¹,

Zhao²

2016

Journal of the Optical Society of Korea

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The misalignment errors and fluctuations in irradiance due to atmospheric turbulence can severely degrade the performance of free-space optical (FSO) systems. In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic bit error rate (BER) performance and diversity orders of FSO links using parallel transmit-diversity schemes. The BER expressions of FSO links with the switch-and-examine transmit (SET), switch-and-examine transmit with post-selection (SETps), dual-branch transmit laser selection (Dual-TLS), and group transmit laser selection (Group-TLS) schemes are derived, based on an approximate channel model. Then numerical simulations for these four schemes in the region of high average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) are presented under different channel conditions. The results show that the four transmit-diversity schemes can reduce system complexity and overcome the limitation of peak power, without much BER deterioration.

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Performance Analysis of Gamma–Gamma Fading FSO MIMO Links With Pointing Errors

Cited by 208 publications

References 28 publications

Spectral efficiency improvement with SISO and SIMO in M‐QAM over millimeter‐wave links

Spectral efficiency improvement with SISO and SIMO in M‐QAM over millimeter‐wave links

A Tractable Model for Turbulence- and Misalignment-Induced Fading in Optical Wireless Systems

Asymptotic Performance Analysis of Free-Space Optical Links with Transmit Diversity

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