Performance analysis of a DF based dual hop mixed RF-FSO system with a direct RF link

Anees, Sanya; Meerur, Priyanka; Bhatnagar, Manav R.

doi:10.1109/globalsip.2015.7418415

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The end‐to‐end SNR for the variable gain relay protocol can be approximately expressed as follows:

γ_{eq}^{V} = \frac{γ_{SR, k} γ_{RD, k}}{γ_{SR, k} + γ_{RD, k} + 1} ≅ \min ((),, γ_{SR, k}, γ_{RD, k}) .

The equivalent CDF of the SNR γ eq for the variable gain relay can be expressed as follows:

F_{γ_{italiceq}}^{V} ((), γ) = F_{γ_{SR, k}} ((), γ) + F_{γ_{RD, k}} ((), γ) - F_{γ_{SR, k}} ((), γ) F_{γ_{RD, k}} ((), γ) .

By substituting and into , the equivalent CDF for variable gain relay can be expressed as follows:

\begin{matrix} true \\ F_{γ_{eq}}^{V} (γ) = 1 - \sum_{italicmk} \exp (- x_{1} γ) + ψ_{t} G_{t + 1, 3 t + 1}^{3 t, 1} (τ_{t} γ (|, \begin{matrix} 1, k_{1} \\ k_{2}, 0 \end{matrix})) \\ - [(1 - \sum_{italicmk} \exp (- x_{1} γ)) \sum_{italicmk} \exp (- x_{1} γ) + ψ_{t} {normalG}_{t + 1, 3 t + 1}^{3}] \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Statistical Equivalent End‐to‐end Snrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amplification process in the AF relaying scheme can be categorized into fixed gain relaying and variable gain relaying . Mixed RF/FSO system has been studied under different channel distributions and relaying protocols . Lee et al studied the outage probability performance of a dual‐hop mixed RF/FSO system with RF and FSO links respectively follows Rayleigh fading and Gamma‐Gamma distributions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lee et al studied the outage probability performance of a dual‐hop mixed RF/FSO system with RF and FSO links respectively follows Rayleigh fading and Gamma‐Gamma distributions. In the works of Anees et al, the performance analysis of AF and DF based mixed RF/FSO systems are respectively investigated as the FSO link subjected to Gamma‐Gamma induced‐fading with pointing errors. Under different detection techniques and relaying protocols, the performance of mixed RF/FSO dual‐hop system has been evaluated in the works of Zedini et al Moreover, mixed dual‐hop RF/FSO system performance has also been analyzed in other works considering unified channel distributions for either RF link, FSO link, or both.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Security outage performance of partial relay selection in AF mixed RF/FSO system with outdated channel state information

Odeyemi

Owolawi

2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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In this paper, the secrecy outage performance of a partial relay selection–based mixed radio frequency/free‐space optical (RF/FSO) system with outdated channel state information is studied. All the RF links are modeled in Rayleigh fading, and the FSO link is subjected to Gamma‐Gamma fading with/or without pointing errors in relation to the two detection techniques such as heterodyne detection and intensity modulation with direct detection. It is assumed that the relay nodes employ fixed gain and variable gain amplified‐and‐forward relaying protocols. Thus, unified cumulative distribution functions of the equivalent end‐to‐end signal to noise ratio for both the AF relaying schemes are then derived. Utilizing the cumulative distribution functions, the closed‐form expressions for the lower bound secrecy outage probability under the two relaying protocols are then obtained for the concerned system. Moreover, the impacts of turbulence, pointing errors, detection techniques, outdated channel state information, and relay selection are investigated. The finding demonstrated that the variable gain relaying mixed RF/FSO system offers much better secrecy performance compared with the fixed gain relaying system. Monte Carlo simulation results are provided to validate the accuracy of the analysis.

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“…The end‐to‐end SNR for the variable gain relay protocol can be approximately expressed as follows:

γ_{eq}^{V} = \frac{γ_{SR, k} γ_{RD, k}}{γ_{SR, k} + γ_{RD, k} + 1} ≅ \min ((),, γ_{SR, k}, γ_{RD, k}) .

The equivalent CDF of the SNR γ eq for the variable gain relay can be expressed as follows:

F_{γ_{italiceq}}^{V} ((), γ) = F_{γ_{SR, k}} ((), γ) + F_{γ_{RD, k}} ((), γ) - F_{γ_{SR, k}} ((), γ) F_{γ_{RD, k}} ((), γ) .

By substituting and into , the equivalent CDF for variable gain relay can be expressed as follows:

\begin{matrix} true \\ F_{γ_{eq}}^{V} (γ) = 1 - \sum_{italicmk} \exp (- x_{1} γ) + ψ_{t} G_{t + 1, 3 t + 1}^{3 t, 1} (τ_{t} γ (|, \begin{matrix} 1, k_{1} \\ k_{2}, 0 \end{matrix})) \\ - [(1 - \sum_{italicmk} \exp (- x_{1} γ)) \sum_{italicmk} \exp (- x_{1} γ) + ψ_{t} {normalG}_{t + 1, 3 t + 1}^{3}] \end{matrix}

…”

Section: Statistical Equivalent End‐to‐end Snrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Security outage performance of partial relay selection in AF mixed RF/FSO system with outdated channel state information

Odeyemi

Owolawi

2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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“…Besides in [9], the relay-destination link is a parallel FSO/RF link. It is worth noticing that the mentioned approaches analyze the performance of DH mixed RF-FSO systems without the presence of direct source-destination link except [10] which considers an RF source-destination link. Therefore, it is appropriate to assume that in a mixed RF-FSO system, FSO link transmission is confined as the last mile transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Pointing Errors on the Performance of Hybrid FSO/RF Networks

2019

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The performance of a free space optics (FSO) transmission suffers from the atmospheric turbulence and the attenuation in foggy environment. By employing relay nodes, the error rate and the coverage area of the FSO communication system can be significantly improved. However, the pointing errors, generated because of the building sway, have the potential to eradicate the benefits of the relay-based FSO communication system. The effect of pointing errors in the presence of Gamma Gamma atmospheric fading together with path loss attenuation is considered in this paper. To counteract the adverse affects of the FSO link, a reliable millimeter-wave radio frequency (MMW RF) link is used as a backup. In this context, this paper proposes a cooperative decode-and-forward (DF)-relaying-based hybrid FSO/RF system with maximal-ratio-combining (MRC) at the destination. The system consists of FSO and RF sub-systems, where FSO sub-system has the priority to transmit and RF sub-system serves as a back up when the FSO sub-system is in outage. The exact and asymptotic outage probability and average symbol error rate (SER) expressions for the proposed system are derived in closed-form and the diversity order is determined. The effect of pointing errors on the system performance is analyzed extensively. The optimum values of transmit beam waist and radius of receiver aperture are determined. The theoretical results, which are validated by Monte-Carlo simulations, show that the proposed cooperative hybrid FSO/RF system drastically improves the system performance compared to single hop (SH) hybrid FSO/RF and cooperative FSO systems especially for large pointing errors scenario.INDEX TERMS Hybrid FSO/RF systems, decode-and-forward relaying, pointing errors, gamma-gamma distribution, maximal-ratio-combining.

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“…() The mixed RF‐FSO systems were initially introduced and investigated in the work of Lee et al, where the fading over the RF channel was modeled by Rayleigh distribution and a gamma‐gamma faded FSO link was assumed. The influence of pointing error impairments on the capacity and error performance of mixed RF‐FSO systems was further analyzed in the work of Ansari et al Since then, mixed RF‐FSO systems have been extensively researched (see related works()). In the works of Khanna et al,() the performance of a variable‐gain AF relayed mixed RF‐FSO system having a generalized‐ K ( G K ) distributed RF channel() and a gamma‐gamma distributed FSO channel was analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further results on the performance improvement in mixed RF‐FSO systems using hybrid DF/AF (HDAF) relaying

Khanna

Aggarwal

Ahuja

2018

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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This paper presents the performance of a dual‐hop mixed radio frequency (RF)‐free space optical (FSO) system employing a hybrid‐decode/amplify‐and‐forward (HDAF) relaying protocol. The RF link forms the first hop and the FSO link is the second hop for the proposed system model. The assumption of the absence of the direct FSO and RF link between the source transmitter and the destination receiver ends is made for the analysis. The RF link is affected by short‐term multipath fading and long‐term shadowing phenomena and is characterized by the generalized‐K fading distribution, whereas the FSO link is modeled by the gamma‐gamma fading, representing moderate to strong turbulence scenarios. We assume pointing error‐induced misalignment fading to be significantly present over the FSO link. We analyze the outage probability for the system employing amplify‐and‐forward, decode‐and‐forward, and HDAF relaying protocols and show the benefits of using HDAF relaying in mixed RF‐FSO systems. The optimum relay position that results in the best outage performance is investigated. Furthermore, the bit error rate performance for a q‐ary phase shift keying (q‐PSK) modulated signal and the channel capacity for the proposed system employing HDAF relaying protocol are also evaluated. The expressions in closed form for the outage probability, bit error rate, and channel capacity are derived. The asymptotic outage and error performance at high signal‐to‐noise ratio is also evaluated. Furthermore, the performance of the system is demonstrated by numerical plots.

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Performance analysis of a DF based dual hop mixed RF-FSO system with a direct RF link

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Security outage performance of partial relay selection in AF mixed RF/FSO system with outdated channel state information

Security outage performance of partial relay selection in AF mixed RF/FSO system with outdated channel state information

Effect of Pointing Errors on the Performance of Hybrid FSO/RF Networks

Further results on the performance improvement in mixed RF‐FSO systems using hybrid DF/AF (HDAF) relaying

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