Performance analysis of 5G heterogeneous networks under the impact of aggregate interference over Nakagami‐m fading channels

Abstract

Heterogeneous networks (HetNets), which consist of ultra-dense femtocell networks underlaid by traditional homogenous macrocell networks, are a promising option for the exceedingly high data rate demands of upcoming 5G communications. The densely deployed femtocells in cochannel mode cause severe interference because of the short distances between cochannel cells, which is the main challenge for femtocell deployment in HetNets. The HetNets are modeled based on stochastic geometry, which is assumed to distribute the interfering nodes as a point process. Specifically, in this article, a homogeneous Poisson point process is used to model the random distribution of macrocell users and femtocell base stations. Based on the complementary cumulative distribution function of the received signal to interference ratio at the macrocell base stations and femtocells, closed-form expressions are derived for the outage probability. Further, closed-form expressions are derived for the network throughput and energy efficiency of femtocells. Finally, theoretical and simulation results are discussed for the derived expressions under different system parameters.

A novel statistics for the NWDP: An appropriate fading model for 5G/6G mmWave communications

“…As it is evident, the markers (circles) are depicted by placing N = 2 in the PDF of the NWDP distribution, the dashed lines are obtained from approximate PDF [Reference 2, Eq. ( 17)], and the blue lines are obtained from (7) by placing N = 2. As it can be observed, the graphs attained from the NWDP distribution and the exact graphs obtained from relation (7) are consistent.…”

“…( 17)], and the blue lines are obtained from (7) by placing N = 2. As it can be observed, the graphs attained from the NWDP distribution and the exact graphs obtained from relation (7) are consistent. However, putting different values for M in the approximation relation has led to different graphs drawn with a dashed lines.…”

“…The TWDP fading PDF for various v 1 and v 2 values, and 𝜎 = 2. The solid blue line is obtained by relation (7) and the dashed lines are obtained from [Reference 2, Eq. ( 17)].…”

“…In such a system, the receiver observes many dominant reflection components and a small number of scattering components 4 . Most channel fading models, such as Rayleigh, Weibull, Gamma, EGK, $$$ \alpha -\mu $$$, $$$ \eta -\mu $$$, and so forth, disregard the presence of the specular component in the receiver 5‐8 . In the Rician model, only one line of sight (LOS) component is assumed to be observed at the receiver 9 .…”

Performance analysis of dual‐hop dual‐branch amplify‐and‐forward relaying cooperative diversity system using best‐path selection technique over Nakagami‐m fading channels

“…The energy efficiency, network throughput and outage probability (OP) are evaluated as part of performance analysis. 5 In a hybrid satellite-terrestrial relay network, anti-jamming approaches based on reconfigurable intelligent surface are proposed to increase the received signal power in Reference 6. Beamforming can be used to meet the network requirements of internet-of-things devices or enhance the secrecy of a channel.…”