Performance analysis and optimization of a supercharged Miller cycle Otto engine

Variable Valve Timing Scheduling in a 4-Stroke Internal Combustion Cylinder Utilizing Artificial Neural Networks

“…[20] reported that LIVC will not increase fuel consumption. This is contrary to the results reported in Wu C's paper [21] in which LIVC caused a four-cylinder four-stroke engine to improve full-load engine efficiency by 11%. Although late EVO (LEVO) decreases the exhaust gas pressure and requires work for pumping out, Hara S. [11] found that this could improve volumetric efficiency if the exhaust gas is fully pumped out by the piston, because no residual gas will remain inside.…”

Variable valve timing for fuel economy improvement in a small spark-ignition engine

“…Nevertheless, the ''Miller effect" [22] due to the late intake valve close reduces the effective compression ratio; as a consequence the cylinder pressure increases very weakly when the piston begins to move towards the top dead centre; after the end of the intake phase, the cylinder pressure raises following polytropic curves close to those of the standard valve timing. This limits the increase in compression work.…”

Performance analysis of an irreversible Miller heat engine and its optimum criteria

“…These characteristics are usually accompanied by oxide of nitrogen (NO x ) emissions and knocking due to the autoignition of unburnt gas before the flame reaches the end gas area, and cause the temperature and pressure inside the cylinder to rise sharply until the engine gets damaged [2,3]. Concerns about energy conservation, pre-ignition engine knock, emission of pollutants, and carbon dioxide production have led to modifications in the internal combustion engines [4]. The Miller cycle engine patented by an American engineer, Ralph Miller, in the 1940s, comes as an engine to solve the aforesaid problems.…”