Perforation of the appendix in the neonatal period

Bax, N. M. A.; Pearse, Robin; Dommering, N.; Molenaar, Jan C.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3468(80)80020-0

Cited by 56 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…14,15 Acute scrotal signs in neonates have also been described in necrotizing enterocolitis, meconium peritonitis, and intra-abdominal hemorrhage. 16,17 When the decision to operate is reached, a groin exploration is the best initial step. The data obtained after opening the hernia sac http://www.stockton-press.co.uk…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Pyoscrotum and Perforated Appendicitis

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Pyoscrotum and Perforated Appendicitis

1999

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…These characteristics are thought to render REVIEW ARTICLE the neonatal appendix less prone to intraluminal obstruction than their older counterparts [4,5,7]. Three etiological theories of neonatal appendicitis exist and are supported by the incidence of associated conditions [4]: impaired immunity such as prematurity (arguing it as a variant of NEC) [7,9,[10][11][12]; vascular insufficiency and hypoxemia (cases associated with cardiorespiratory failure) [9,13]; and finally, intestinal obstruction such as Hirschsprung's disease or strangulated Amyand's hernia [7,14,15]. Interestingly, cases attributed to inguinal hernia have better outcomes due to discrete physical findings and early surgical exploration [2,5,14].…”

Section: Etiology / Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predisposing factors include respiratory distress, congenital heart disease, low birth weight, IUGR, formula feeding, and intestinal dysbiosis, among others [10,16]. While fulminant NEC usually involves the colon and/or small bowel globally, perforated appendicitis may be the result of NEC confined, at least initially, to the appendix [7,[9][10][11][12]. This NEC appendicopathy may be either a local pathology or part of a more diffuse disease process [6,17].…”

Section: Etiology / Pathophysiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical presentation of appendicitis in the newborn is nonspecific and overlaps with that of NEC [3,4,9,11]. The most common findings are abdominal distension, tenderness, feeding intolerance, and fever [2,3,17].…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NEC is a commonly encountered gastrointestinal emergency in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with a reported incidence of 1-7.7% admissions [8]. Neonatal perforated appendicitis (NPA) is uncommon and increasingly being recognized as a localized form of NEC involving the appendix [4,7,9,10]. Notably, NEC is the most common preoperative misdiagnosis for NPA confirmed intra-operatively [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Neonatal Perforated Appendicitis Attributed to Localized Necrotizing Enterocolitis of the Appendix: A Review

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neonatal appendicitis is a rare clinical entity associated with remarkable morbidity and mortality. Appendicular perforation is common and the diagnosis is usually made intra-operatively. The causative etiology of neonatal perforated appendicitis (NPA) is a subject of debate and has not been elucidated. Although many etiologic theories exist, increasing evidence suggests a subset of NPA cases may represent a form of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) localized to the appendix. We herein present a review of the current literature to include cases of NPA attributed to localized NEC. A high index of clinical suspicion and early laparotomy are recommended.

show abstract

Appendicitis and its associated mortality and morbidity in infants up to 3 months of age: A systematic review

The,

Derikx

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and AimsAlthough appendicitis is rare in young infants, the reported mortality is high. Primary aim of this systematic review was to provide updated insights in the mortality and morbidity (postoperative complications, Clavien‐Dindo grades I–IV) of appendicitis in infants ≤3 months of age. Secondary aims comprised the evaluation of patient characteristics, diagnostic work‐up, treatment strategies, comorbidity, and factors associated with poor outcome.MethodsThis systematic review was reported according to the PRISMA statement with a search performed in Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science (up to September 5th 2022). Original articles (published in English ≥1980) reporting on infants ≤3 months of age with appendicitis were included. Both patients with abdominal appendicitis and herniated appendicitis (such as Amyand's hernia) were considered. Data were provided descriptively.ResultsIn total, 131 articles were included encompassing 242 cases after identification of 4294 records. Overall, 184 (76%) of the 242 patients had abdominal and 58 (24%) had herniated appendicitis. Two‐hundred (83%) of the patients were newborns (≤28 days) and 42 (17%) were infants between 29 days and ≤3 months of age. Either immediate, or after initial conservative treatment, 236 (98%) patients underwent surgical treatment. Some 168 (69%) patients had perforated appendicitis. Mortality was reported in 20 (8%) patients and morbidity in an additional 18 (8%). All fatal cases had abdominal appendicitis and fatal outcome was relatively more often reported in newborns, term patients, patients with relevant comorbidity, nonperforated appendicitis and those presented from home.ConclusionMortality was reported in 20 (8%) infants ≤3 months of age and additional morbidity in 18 (8%). All patients with fatal outcome had abdominal appendicitis. Several patient characteristics were relatively more often reported in infants with poor outcome and adequate monitoring, early recognition and prompt treatment may favour the outcome.

show abstract

Perforation of the appendix in the neonatal period

Cited by 56 publications

References 9 publications

Neonatal Pyoscrotum and Perforated Appendicitis

Neonatal Pyoscrotum and Perforated Appendicitis

Neonatal Perforated Appendicitis Attributed to Localized Necrotizing Enterocolitis of the Appendix: A Review

Appendicitis and its associated mortality and morbidity in infants up to 3 months of age: A systematic review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About