Perfluorocarbon Emulsion Improves Cerebral Oxygenation and Mitochondrial Function after Fluid Percussion Brain Injury in Rats

Abstract

The current study demonstrates that a PFC emulsion can significantly increase cerebral oxygenation after TBI and enhance mitochondrial function at 4 hours after injury as compared with saline. This study demonstrates a new therapeutic potential for PFC to enhance cerebral oxygenation and aerobic metabolism after TBI. However, the increased free radical formation with high-dose PFCs suggests the need for further studies combining PFCs with free radical scavengers.

Neuroprotective Effects of Perflurocarbon (Oxycyte) after Contusive Spinal Cord Injury

“…27 A number of animal traumatic injury studies and phase III clinical trials conducted on such emulsions have shown that they can help in preventing the risk of oxygen deficiency in tissues and have shown beneficial effect in both stroke and head injury. [28][29][30][31][32] Oxycyte, an injectable oxygen carrier, is a new generation of PFCs that have better property and fewer side effects, which was developed by Oxygen Biotherapeutics Inc. (Durham, NC). Oxycyte is a 60% emulsion of perfluoro-tert-butylcyclohexane with phospholipid emulsifiers.…”

“…Oxycyte is a 60% emulsion of perfluoro-tert-butylcyclohexane with phospholipid emulsifiers. In several large and small animal models, PFCs were shown to preserve tissue and enhance motor function after traumatic brain injury (TBI), 29,33 but its potential therapeutic effect in traumatic SCI has not been explored. On the basis of these considerations, we tested the hypothesis that the enhanced oxygen delivery could minimize the secondary damaging processes and loss of function subsequent to SCI.…”

Perfluorocarbons Enhance a T2*-Based MRI Technique for Identifying the Penumbra in a Rat Model of Acute Ischemic Stroke

“…Perfluorocarbons have been shown to improve oxygen delivery to ischemic cerebral tissue in preclinical stroke and brain trauma models. 35,36 A lower FiO 2 (0.4) with PFC delivery should remove the artefact from the airways on human scans and minimize the influence of the OC on blood pressure and CBF. 27 In addition, the lower FiO 2 may improve access for patients where high-flow oxygen is contraindicated, such as those with existing pulmonary disease.…”

Immunohistochemical Correlation of Novel Biomarkers with Neurodegeneration in Rat Models of Brain Injury

“…Following determination of adequate anesthesia by monitoring toepinch (foot reflex-flexion to pain) and the corneal reflexes, the tail artery is catheterized to aid monitoring of vitals such as blood pressure, blood gases and pH. Detailed descriptions of the procedures have been extensively published (Daugherty, Levasseur et al 2004;Kwon, Sun et al 2005;Zhou, Sun et al 2008). Briefly, the animal is intubated using a shielded 14GA i.v.…”