Perfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater and home-produced vegetables and eggs around a fluorochemical industrial park in China

Bao, Jia; Yu, Wenjing; Liu, Yang; Wang, Xin; Jin, Yinlong; Dong, Guang‐Hui

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.086

Cited by 114 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In contrast, concentrations of PFOS, PFNA, and PFHxS in our soils are at the low end of the range of concentrations previously reported. While our data appear the first report of PFBS in soil from non-industrial locations, our concentrations are around 3 orders of magnitude below those reported in the vicinity of a fluorochemical industrial park in China (Bao et al, 2019).…”

Section: Samplescontrasting

confidence: 83%

Perfluoroalkyl substances and brominated flame retardants in landfill-related air, soil, and groundwater from Ireland

Harrad

Drage

Sharkey

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: Samplescontrasting

confidence: 83%

Perfluoroalkyl substances and brominated flame retardants in landfill-related air, soil, and groundwater from Ireland

Harrad

Drage

Sharkey

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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“…After the institution of numerous regulations as well as voluntary efforts to phase out certain legacy PFAS, release of these compounds from FPPs in many nations has gradually decreased [41][42][43][44]. However, in other countries, FPPs continue to be a significant source of legacy PFAS to the environment [45]. Other important direct emission sources are facilities using AFFFs including military bases, airports, and training facilities for firefighters [37,46].…”

Section: Direct Sources Of Legacy Pfasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate, and Health Effects

Brase

Mullin

Spink

2021

IJMS

158

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Due to their unique chemical properties, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been used extensively as industrial surfactants and processing aids. While several types of PFAS have been voluntarily phased out by their manufacturers, these chemicals continue to be of ecological and public health concern due to their persistence in the environment and their presence in living organisms. Moreover, while the compounds referred to as “legacy” PFAS remain in the environment, alternative compounds have emerged as replacements for their legacy predecessors and are now detected in numerous matrices. In this review, we discuss the historical uses of PFAS, recent advances in analytical techniques for analysis of these compounds, and the fate of PFAS in the environment. In addition, we evaluate current biomonitoring studies of human exposure to legacy and emerging PFAS and examine the associations of PFAS exposure with human health impacts, including cancer- and non-cancer-related outcomes. Special focus is given to short-chain perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) and ether-substituted, polyfluoroalkyl alternatives including hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA; tradename GenX), 4,8-dioxa-3H-perfluorononanoic acid (DONA), and 6:2 chlorinated polyfluoroethersulfonic acid (6:2 Cl-PFESA; tradename F-53B).

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“…Also in most pot studies, leaching is minimized or prevented; thus, short-chain PFAS remain in the root zone unlike what is likely to occur in the field. For example, decreases were reported in short-chain PFAS concentrations in the soil profile throughout a growing season due to leaching [64,106], whereas in a pot study short-chain PFAS became enriched in the bottom layers of the pot compared to the longer-chain PFAS and remained accessible for Table 2 Comparison between three study types (A = hydroponic, B = pot studies, C = field studies) conducted on agricultural plants for PFBA (C4), PFHxA (C6), PFOA (C8), PFBS (C4), PFHxS (C6), and PFOS (C8) with parenthetical indicating total carbon chain length Plant Study type (# of studies) [28,63,88,94,97,99] b [22,37,55,63,66,95] Additional PFAS classes studied for each plant type are reported PFAS class column. Plant species with only one study, or one study and studies by Bao et al [37] or Scher et al [22] which reported collective values by plant types are not listed.…”

Section: Uptake Into Agricultural Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relative PFAS contributions from different sources will vary depending on location-specific activities and facilities. For example, PFAS contributions from atmospheric deposition have been especially concerning for crops grown near fluorochemical manufacturing facilities [36,37]. AFFFs are typically the major PFAS source of highly contaminated water near fire training areas; however, impacts to agriculture are generally limited to irrigation with AFFFcontaminated water [26] which could significantly increase exposure risks [38].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources, Fate, and Plant Uptake in Agricultural Systems of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

Costello

Lee

2020

Curr Pollution Rep

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Purpose of Review Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a family of > 4700 recalcitrant compounds, many of which are ubiquitous in the environment. This review aims to (1) identify PFAS sources and fate processes relevant to agricultural systems and (2) expand on plant uptake mechanisms and plant responses to PFAS. Recent Findings The number of PFAS being quantified in studies involving soil, water, and plants is increasing. Transformation of precursors that tend to stay in the rhizosphere can lead to long-term PFAS reservoir to plants. Some PFAS are readily taken up, particularly the shorter-chain PFAS, and can evoke metabolic responses and phytotoxic effects at high concentrations. PFAS translocation from roots to shoots occurs through both active and passive transport mechanisms. Both PFAS uptake and effects vary between and within species. Summary As new PFAS emerge, it will be necessary to continue expanding the list of PFAS quantified in land-applied media and assessing their accumulation potential in plants. While controlled laboratory or greenhouse studies have merit, comprehensive field studies are needed to provide clarity on PFAS fate and their relative risk in agricultural systems. Field studies should include identifying site-specific PFAS sources, quantifying a broader suite of PFAS and identifying potential precursors, evaluating plant uptake of replacement PFAS, reporting of soil properties and climatic conditions, and assessing risk of impacts to source and irrigation waters. This information can be utilized to inform future studies towards evaluating and mitigating risks to our food chain associated with PFAS in agricultural systems.

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Perfluoroalkyl substances in groundwater and home-produced vegetables and eggs around a fluorochemical industrial park in China

Cited by 114 publications

References 36 publications

Perfluoroalkyl substances and brominated flame retardants in landfill-related air, soil, and groundwater from Ireland

Perfluoroalkyl substances and brominated flame retardants in landfill-related air, soil, and groundwater from Ireland

Legacy and Emerging Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: Analytical Techniques, Environmental Fate, and Health Effects

Sources, Fate, and Plant Uptake in Agricultural Systems of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances

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