Perfil y concepción de la enseñanza del entrenador de fútbol base de la región de Beja (Portugal) (Profile and conception of the teaching of the basic football coach in the region of Beja (Portugal))

Abstract

La figura del entrenador es clave en el entrenamiento deportivo con jóvenes. Este estudio tuvo como objetivos establecer el perfil del entrenador de fútbol en las etapas de formación de los jóvenes jugadores de la región de Beja (Portugal), identificar la concepción sobre la enseñanza del fútbol que tienen, y conocer la forma de planificar y programar de los mismos. Con este fin se encuestaron a 124 entrenadores de fútbol base de la mencionada región portuguesa. Los datos mostraron que el perfil del entrenador de fútbol base de Beja se correspondió al siguiente: hombre de entre 31 y 40 años, con el duodécimo año de escolaridad completo, trabajando por cuenta ajena, sin curso de entrenador o con apenas el Grado I o nivel básico de la titulación de entrenador de fútbol. También destacó el hecho de que la mayoría de los entrenadores consideraran el fútbol un medio para educar a los jugadores, siendo los entrenadores más jóvenes los que más creían en el fútbol como medio transmisor de valores. Cabe destacar que los entrenadores manifestaron tener bastante claro los contenidos a trabajar en estas edades y que solían utilizar tanto métodos de enseñanza directivos como basados en el descubrimiento. Los entrenadores afirmaron que solían dar más prioridad a los aspectos técnico-tácticos con respecto al trabajo físico. Por último, gran parte de los entrenadores mostraron intención de entrenar en un futuro en categorías superiores.
 Abstract: The figure of the coach is key in sports training with young people. The aims of this study were to establish the profile of the football coach in the training stages of young players in the region of Beja (Portugal), to identify their conception of football teaching, and to know how to plan and programme them. To this end, 124 grassroots football coaches in the aforementioned Portuguese region were surveyed. The data showed that the profile of the base football coach in Beja corresponded to the following: a man between 31 and 40 years old, with the twelfth year of schooling complete, working as an employee, without a course of coaching or with only Grade I or basic level of the qualification of football coach. It was also highlighted the fact that most coaches considered football as a means of educating players, with younger coaches believing most in football as a means of transmitting values. It should be noted that the coaches said they were quite clear about the content to be worked on in these ages and that they used both managerial and discovery-based teaching methods. Coaches said they tended to give more priority to technical and tactical aspects over physical work. Finally, a large number of coaches showed their intention to train at higher levels in the future.

Profile of grassroots football coaches of Spanish professional clubs

“…However, these data were reduced in the female teams, where 40% of the coaches were female, against the 60% of them who were male. These data coincide with those obtained in other studies (Abad, et al, 2011a;Paixão, et al, 2021), which highlighted the predominance of male coaches in the initiation football categories.…”

“…The athletic training process has been discussed in the scientific literature (Pazo, Sáenz-López, Fradua, Barata, & Coelho, 2011;Robles, Abad, Robles, & Giménez, 2019), in which multiple variables influencing this process has been pointed out and analysed. Out of it, the figure of the coach emerges as one of the most important factors in the process of sports education (Abad, Giménez, Robles, & Rodríguez, 2011a;Paixão, et al, 2021;Vickers & Schoenstedt, 2011). The need to improve the profile of the coach in sports education has led numerous researchers to analyse different variables (Lemyre, Trudel, & Durand-Bush, 2007;Urbano-Arévalo, Mancha-Triguero, Gómez-Carmona, & Gamonales, 2020).…”

“…The need to improve the profile of the coach in sports education has led numerous researchers to analyse different variables (Lemyre, Trudel, & Durand-Bush, 2007;Urbano-Arévalo, Mancha-Triguero, Gómez-Carmona, & Gamonales, 2020). The elements usually characterising the coaches of educational sports are their youth (Abad, et al, 2011a;Lledó & Huertas, 2012;Lledó, Martínez, & Huertas, 2014;Maestre, Garcés, Ortín, & Hidalgo, 2019) and their male gender (Paixão, et al, 2021). Other aspects which have been researched regarding the profile of coaches in grassroots football are the experience they accumulate as coaches in educational categories (Côté, Erickson, & Duffy, 2013) or their experience as a player (Abad, et al, 2011a).…”

“…According to Paixão et al (2021), the figure of the coach can clearly and effectively influence the sporting and personal environment of children and young athletes. Consequently, the sports coach becomes a key figure in ensuring that school-age children have an adequate sports education (Ballester, Fernández, & Parra-Camacho, 2021).…”

“…Level I or UEFA B is the qualification which enables coaches to train at the grassroots level up to youth level (U19), level II or UEFA A for amateur categories and level III or UEFA PRO for professional football. Nevertheless, many authors recommend a greater teaching load in pedagogical, psychological and methodological content (Abad, et al, 2011a;Lledó, et al, 2014;Paixão, et al, 2021), especially at the levels qualifying coaches to train at the beginners' level. Furthermore, the global and integrative conception of grassroots sport requires coaches to be educated from a multidisciplinary perspective (Bennie & O'Connor, 2010;Ortega, Jiménez, Palao, & Sainz, 2008), while the study of the pedagogical variables influencing the education process can facilitate its evaluation, modification and improvement (Cañadas, Gómez, García-Rubio, & Ibáñez, 2018).…”