Perfil epidemiológico de la hepatitis B y D en Colombia

Espinal, Carlos

doi:10.7705/biomedica.v18i3.992

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Colombia has a heterogeneous pattern for HBV infection. Although the average incidence registered in the period 2008–2014 to the Colombian health system (SIVIGILA) corresponds to low-intermediate endemicity (3.11, 3.64, 3.71, 4.2, 4,38 and 4.34/100.000), some states including Amazonas, Norte de Santander, Guaviare and Choco have been historically highly endemic for HBV infection [ 10 – 13 , 16 , 17 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rapid test is useful in areas like the Amazonas that are difficult to access; although the use of this technique probably generated a bottleneck excluding individuals HBV infected with HBsAg levels below the detection limit (3,5 IU HBsAg/mL) of the test [ 27 ]. Nevertheless, a high frequency of HDV infection in these communities is not excluded considering the epidemiology pattern of the HBV and HDV infection in these communities during the last 30 years [ 13 , 14 , 16 , 17 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In South America, predominantly in Amazon Basin, cases of severe hepatitis and liver failure have been usually associated with HDV/HBV superinfection [ 4 – 9 ]. HDV infection are described in Colombia mainly in regions that have been considered highly endemic for HBV infection including Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (North Caribbean Coast), Magdalena (North Caribbean Coast), Uraba (North West), Choco (Pacific Coast) and Amazonas (South East) [ 10 – 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B virus infection in Amerindian communities of the Amazonas state, Colombia

Villa

Cortés-Mancera

Payares

et al. 2015

Virol J

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BackgroundIn Colombia, cases of Hepatitis D virus (HDV) infection have been officially described since 1985 mainly in Amerindian population from Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (North Caribbean Coast), Uraba (North West), and Amazon (South East). The last official report of a clinical case of HDV infection in Colombia was registered in 2005.ObjectivesThe aims of this study were to identify cases of HDV and/or Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in asymptomatic Amerindians from Amazonas state, South East Colombia, and to describe the circulating viral genotypes in this population.Study designThe study population was recruited in 19 Amerindian communities in the Amazonas state. Individuals over 18 years old were screened by rapid test for Hepatitis B surface Antigen (HBsAg). Blood samples obtained from individuals positives for HBsAg in the rapid-test assay were analyzed for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HDV IgM/IgG by ELISA. The detection of HBV DNA and HDV RNA was performed by PCR amplification. The viral genotype was determined by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis.ResultsA total of 23/861 individuals were positive for HBsAg detection by rapid test. Serological and/or molecular markers of HDV infection were demonstrated in 43.5 % (10/23) of samples from Amerindians. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the exclusive circulation of HBV subgenotype F1b of and HDV 3 in this population.ConclusionsA high frequency of HBV/HDV infection was found in Amerindian population from Amazonas State, Colombia (43.5 %, 10/23). Nine cases were identified in a population of 861 asymptomatic Amerindian individuals; one symptomatic case (with diagnosis of end-stage hepatic disease) was also identified in the study. The circulation of HDV 3 and HBV subgenotype F1b suggests a constant flow of these viral genotypes as a result of the interaction of the Amerindian populations from Amazon basin. Further studies are necessary to confirm whether HBV subgenotype F1b is the prevalent in the population from South East region in Colombia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B virus infection in Amerindian communities of the Amazonas state, Colombia

Villa

Cortés-Mancera

Payares

et al. 2015

Virol J

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“…In the United States, HDV prevalence is lower, ranging from 1 to 10% [22] . In Colombia, few reports are available on HDV prevalence, mainly showing its association to fulminant hepatitis outbreaks in departments with intermediate or high HBV endemicity, particularly in the Amazonas department where high HDV antibodies prevalence rates have been found among children younger than 4 years old [23] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and Hepatitis Delta (HDV) Viruses in the Colombian Population—How Is the Epidemiological Situation?

et al. 2011

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BackgroundViral hepatitis B, C and delta still remain a serious problem worldwide. In Colombia, data from 1980s described that HBV and HDV infection are important causes of hepatitis, but little is known about HCV infection. The aim of this study was to determine the currently frequency of HBV, HCV and HDV in four different Colombian regions.Methodology/Principal FindingsThis study was conducted in 697 habitants from 4 Colombian departments: Amazonas, Chocó, Magdalena and San Andres Islands. Epidemiological data were obtained from an interview applied to each individual aiming to evaluate risk factors related to HBV, HCV or HDV infections. All samples were tested for HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs and anti-HCV markers. Samples that were positive to HBsAg and/or anti-HBc were tested to anti-HDV. Concerning the geographical origin of the samples, the three HBV markers showed a statistically significant difference: HBsAg (p = 0.033) and anti-HBc (p<0.001) were more frequent in Amazonas and Magdalena departments. Isolated anti-HBs (a marker of previous vaccination) frequencies were: Chocó (53.26%), Amazonas (32.88%), Magdalena (17.0%) and San Andrés (15.33%) - p<0.001. Prevalence of anti-HBc increased with age; HBsAg varied from 1.97 to 8.39% (p = 0.033). Amazonas department showed the highest frequency for anti-HCV marker (5.68%), while the lowest frequency was found in San Andrés Island (0.66%). Anti-HDV was found in 9 (5.20%) out of 173 anti-HBc and/or HBsAg positive samples, 8 of them from the Amazonas region and 1 from them Magdalena department.Conclusions/SignificanceIn conclusion, HBV, HCV and HDV infections are detected throughout Colombia in frequency levels that would place some areas as hyperendemic for HBV, especially those found in Amazonas and Magdalena departments. Novel strategies to increase HBV immunization in the rural population and to strengthen HCV surveillance are reinforced by these results.

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Dynamics of Hepatitis D (delta) virus genotype 3 in the Amazon region of South America

Alvarado-Mora

Romano

Gomes‐Gouvêa

et al. 2011

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is widely distributed and associated with fulminant hepatitis epidemics in areas with high prevalence of HBV. Several studies performed in the 1980s showed data on HDV infection in South America, but there are no studies on the viral dynamics of this virus. The aim of this study was to conduct an evolutionary analysis of hepatitis delta genotype 3 (HDV/3) prevalent in South America: estimate its nucleotide substitution rate, determine the time of most recent ancestor (TMRCA) and characterize the epidemic history and evolutionary dynamics. Furthermore, we characterized the presence of HBV/HDV infection in seven samples collected from patients who died due to fulminant hepatitis from Amazon region in Colombia and included them in the evolutionary analysis. This is the first study reporting HBV and HDV sequences from the Amazon region of Colombia. Of the seven Colombian patients, five were positive for HBV-DNA and HDV-RNA. Of them, two samples were successfully sequenced for HBV (subgenotypes F3 and F1b) and the five samples HDV positive were classified as HDV/3. By using all HDV/3 available reference sequences with sampling dates (n=36), we estimated the HDV/3 substitution rate in 1.07 × 10(-3) substitutions per site per year (s/s/y), which resulted in a time to the most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of 85 years. Also, it was determined that HDV/3 spread exponentially from early 1950s to the 1970s in South America. This work discusses for the first time the viral dynamics for the HDV/3 circulating in South America. We suggest that the measures implemented to control HBV transmission resulted in the control of HDV/3 spreading in South America, especially after the important raise in this infection associated with a huge mortality during the 1950s up to the 1970s. The differences found among HDV/3 and the other HDV genotypes concerning its diversity raises the hypothesis of a different origin and/or a different transmission route.

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Perfil epidemiológico de la hepatitis B y D en Colombia

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B virus infection in Amerindian communities of the Amazonas state, Colombia

Hepatitis D virus and hepatitis B virus infection in Amerindian communities of the Amazonas state, Colombia

Hepatitis B (HBV), Hepatitis C (HCV) and Hepatitis Delta (HDV) Viruses in the Colombian Population—How Is the Epidemiological Situation?

Dynamics of Hepatitis D (delta) virus genotype 3 in the Amazon region of South America

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