Perfil de pacientes internados em uso de sonda nasoenteral e fatores associados ao óbito

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the profile of patients using nasoenteral tube (NET) and the factors associated with death. Methods: Cross-sectional and analytical study was performed in medical wards of seven Brazilian hospitals in the North, Northeast, Southeast and South. The sample consisted of 447 patients hospitalized with NET. The inclusion criteria were: patients older than 18 years; with NET positioned in the stomach or intestine; hospitalized for at least 24 hours. Data were collected from October 2017 to April 2019, using a mobile device (cell phone or tablet). Demographic, clinical and therapeutic data were obtained from medical records and recorded in an electronic form, using the Survey Monkey® platform. The complexity of care was verified through a patient classification system and the severity of the disease, by the Charlson Comorbidity Index adjusted by age. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Chi-Square Cochran-Armitage and Fisher’s Exact tests were performed. Results: Most patients were male (52.2%), white (67.6%), married (45.1%), with incomplete elementary school (38.4%). Regarding the main medical diagnosis, most of them presented circulatory system disease (30%); more than 50% were in a state of alert, 44% were highly dependent on nursing care and had high risk for death (47.9%). There was statistical significance among death and the variables care complexity, level of awareness and age. Conclusions: Knowledge about the profile of patients using NET and the factors associated with death are important because it offers data that allow better planning of health care.