“…In Pakistan, as the pressure to achieve more and more each day, there has been a rise of perfectionism in students as well. In Pakistani context, the research on perfectionism has focused on exploring it in the context of fear of evaluation (Shafique, Gul, & Raseed, 2017), impact of perfectionism in terms of loneliness and life satisfaction (Hasnain & Fatima, 2012).…”
The present study investigated effects of perfectionism, depressive rumination (DR), and worry on academic burnout in university students. In addition mediating roles of depressive rumination and worry was explored. A sample of 515 students (237 females, 278 males) with age range of 17-27 years; (M = 20, SD = 1.66) were included from various government and private universities of Lahore. The research instruments used were: Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R; Slaney, Rice, Mobley, Trippi, & Ashby, 2001), Rumination Response Scale (Treynor, Gonzalez, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer, Miller, Metzger, & Borkovec, 1990), and Indigenous Burnout Scale (Ijaz & Khan, 2012). Results revealed a significant positive relationship between perfectionism (standard/order) and worry. Moreover a significant positive relationship was also found among perfectionism (discrepancy), depressive rumination, worry, and academic burnout. The mediation analysis showed that depressive rumination and worry significantly mediated the relationship between perfectionism and academic burnout. The present study highlighted the need for studying different dimensions of perfectionism and also identifying the causes of depressive rumination and Worry in student population which have been found to be leading to academic burnout.
“…In Pakistan, as the pressure to achieve more and more each day, there has been a rise of perfectionism in students as well. In Pakistani context, the research on perfectionism has focused on exploring it in the context of fear of evaluation (Shafique, Gul, & Raseed, 2017), impact of perfectionism in terms of loneliness and life satisfaction (Hasnain & Fatima, 2012).…”
The present study investigated effects of perfectionism, depressive rumination (DR), and worry on academic burnout in university students. In addition mediating roles of depressive rumination and worry was explored. A sample of 515 students (237 females, 278 males) with age range of 17-27 years; (M = 20, SD = 1.66) were included from various government and private universities of Lahore. The research instruments used were: Almost Perfect Scale-Revised (APS-R; Slaney, Rice, Mobley, Trippi, & Ashby, 2001), Rumination Response Scale (Treynor, Gonzalez, & Nolen-Hoeksema, 2003), Penn State Worry Questionnaire (Meyer, Miller, Metzger, & Borkovec, 1990), and Indigenous Burnout Scale (Ijaz & Khan, 2012). Results revealed a significant positive relationship between perfectionism (standard/order) and worry. Moreover a significant positive relationship was also found among perfectionism (discrepancy), depressive rumination, worry, and academic burnout. The mediation analysis showed that depressive rumination and worry significantly mediated the relationship between perfectionism and academic burnout. The present study highlighted the need for studying different dimensions of perfectionism and also identifying the causes of depressive rumination and Worry in student population which have been found to be leading to academic burnout.
“…It is possible, for example, that some dimensions of perfectionism may be disruptive and impede athletes' help-seeking via their attitudes. In particular, higher levels of PC are related to a desire to hide flaws, a fear of disapproval, and a fear of negative evaluation (Shafique, Gul, & Raseed, 2017). With this in mind, athletes with higher levels of PC may fear being judged negatively if they seek help for mental health.…”
Attitudes toward help-seeking will contribute to whether athletes ask for support for performance and mental health issues when needed. While research outside of sport has found perfectionism is related to negative attitudes toward help-seeking, no studies have examined the relationship in sport. The authors provided the first test of whether perfectionism predicted attitudes toward both sport psychology support and mental health support. One hundred and sixty-six collegiate athletes completed measures of perfectionism and attitudes toward sport psychology support and mental health support. Multiple regression analyses revealed that perfectionistic concerns positively predicted closedness and stigma toward sport psychology support and mental health support, and negatively predicted help-seeking toward mental health support. However, perfectionistic strivings negatively predicted stigma toward sport psychology support and mental health support, and positively predicted confidence in sport psychology support and help-seeking toward mental health support. Athletes higher in perfectionistic concerns are less likely to seek support when required.
“…Users are accustomed to measuring the success of self-image construction by predicting or perceiving the evaluations of others to determine how to disclose themselves (Cameron et al, 2009 ; Leary and Allen, 2011 ; Lee and Jang, 2019 ). Driven by fear of evaluation, it is a common disclosure strategy to ease social pressure by adjusting one's online self-disclosure habits (Shafique et al, 2017 ; Zeng and Zhu, 2019 ; Zhang et al, 2019 ); especially when the evaluation of others becomes an important reference source of self-recognition, individuals with fear of evaluation tend to magnify their own defects in appearance, comments and behavior from the perspective of being watched and then may fall into a state of social anxiety (Lombardo and Fantasia, 1976 ; Heimberg et al, 1988 ). In response to uncertain social risks that may result in disappointment or hurt in interpersonal communication, reducing self-disclosure is a possible strategy to hide defects and maintain self-image (Lee, 2014 ; Proudfoot et al, 2018 ; Kamalou et al, 2019 ; Lin, 2019 ).…”
Fear of evaluation is a key factor that affects how social media users present themselves to others, but little is known about the effects and mechanisms involved, especially on the relationship between fear of positive evaluation and online self-disclosure. This study explores how fear of evaluation affects online self-disclosure and examines how this relationship is moderated by protective face orientation in the Chinese context. A total of 750 Chinese WeChat users constituted the sample for a questionnaire-based analysis and regression analysis. The results showed that both fear of positive evaluation and fear of negative evaluation had a significant negative effect on the amount of online self-disclosure and a significant positive effect on the depth of online self-disclosure. Protective face orientation had a moderating effect on the relationship between fear of evaluation and online self-disclosure for both the amount and depth of online self-disclosure. Our findings suggest that social network site (SNS) users' fear of evaluation can be attributed to their cognitive attitude toward the external environment, and the loss of face in the Chinese context can be included in the social context.
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