Peregrine soliton emits dispersive waves within graded-index multimode fibers without higher-order dispersion

Abstract

We investigate the propagation dynamics of the Peregrine soliton, a significant prototype of rogue waves, within the graded-index multimode fibers, in the absence of higher-order dispersion. The Peregrine soliton keeps the approximate evolution trend when propagating within the graded-index multimode fibers to replace the single-mode fibers when preserving the equivalent nonlinear effect. In addition, a series of dispersive waves (also called resonant radiation) can be emitted by the Peregrine soliton, perturbated by the periodic beam oscillation caused by the spatial self-imaging effect within the graded-index multimode fibers. To be more exact, the location of the multiple resonant frequencies can be predicted using the modified quasi-phase-matching conditions, which are verified by the numerically calculated results. We can also manipulate the locations of spectral sidebands and the peak power of dispersive waves by changing the self-imaging parameter of the graded-index multimode fibers. Our findings can provide a deeper comprehension of the propagation characteristic of the Peregrine soliton within the graded-index multimode fibers and provide valuable instruction for further rich nonlinear experiments.