Perda precoce dos elementos 11 e 12 por trauma dental, com intervenção ortodôntica preventiva na odontopediatria: relato de caso

Abstract

Dental trauma is one that affects the hard tissues embraced, supporting structures or soft tissues in the oral cavity. It is observed more frequently in male children of school age (07 to 12 years old). The most affected teeth in the trauma taken are central and lateral incisors. With regard to tooth avulsions, the protection of children's bone tissue favors a higher frequency in this population than in the adult population. Dental avulsion occurs after displacement of the element out of its alveolus. There is a break in the blood supply to the pulp of the tooth and when this happens the chance of replantation achieved is totally impossible. Thus bringing several harms to the patient such as difficulty in speech, poor aesthetics, or even mesialize or distalize some other acquired element. Space maintainers are used as removable or fixed appliances to treat malocclusion or esthetic defects. They are braces made of acrylics with two extended teeth. Choosing a removable appliance comes with benefits such as better hygiene, satisfactory aesthetics, low cost, and maintenance of the cervico-occlusal space, in addition to the mesio-distal space. The objective of this study was to report a clinical case of avulsion of element 11 and 12 caused by trauma in childhood with the use of a space maintainer. We conclude that it is possible to treat a patient with dentoalveolar trauma with intervention using a space maintainer, since in the present case success was obtained in the selection of therapy, restoring aesthetics and function to the patient. Thus reducing possible orthodontic problems of the child, with follow-up until his/her old age.