Percutaneous Ultrasound‐Guided Arterial Angiography for Transarterial Coil Placement in Anesthetized and Standing Horses

Abstract

Angiography and TCA placement in the ICA can be safely performed using a percutaneous approach to the CCA under ultrasound guidance, in standing or anesthetized horses. This approach might be used for TAC embolization procedure; however, technical difficulties and hematoma formation can impair the procedure.

Challenges associated with the diagnosis and management of guttural pouch epistaxis in equids

“…The TACE procedure is also feasible in the standing horse (Benredouane and Lepage ) and a more minimally invasive approach, with ultrasound guidance, to percutaneously access, via a skin stab incision, the common carotid artery for coil placement in the ICA has also been described in anaesthetised or standing horses (Maninchedda et al . ). At the end of the procedure, the angiographic catheter and the introducer sheath are removed together and manual pressure is applied to the insertion site.…”

“…Haematoma at the carotid puncture site, reported in one study of percutaneous ultrasound‐guided TACE (Maninchedda et al . ), belongs to this group. The rate for this complication is much higher than a similar approach in man (Taha et al .…”

Use of contrast media in computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in horses: Techniques, adverse events and opportunities

“…With description of ultrasound-guided centesis of CSF in standing horses [114] and updated CT technology, standing CT myelography is a potential future application. Also, with standing fluoroscopic angiography of the guttural pouch region [115,116], the variation in carotid artery branches [117] and the potential for inadvertent coil embolisation [118], standing contrast-enhanced CT offers improved evaluation of guttural pouch mycosis without risking fatal haemorrhage that could occur after the horse is anaesthetised.…”

Salpingopharyngeal fistula as a treatment for guttural pouch mycosis in seven horses

“…Beyond preventing fatal haemorrhage, obstructing blood flow through these major vessels often results in inhibition of fungal growth by an unknown mechanism [2,14]. Decreased blood flow through the target vessel can be achieved using ligation, balloon tipped catheter placement or transarterial coil embolisation [7,8,11,[15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. These procedures do not directly address the potential for neurological disease, have their own risk of complications, and can be cost prohibitive.…”