Percutaneous sclerotherapy of liver and renal cysts, comments on the EFSUMB guidelines

Abstract

Cystic lesions in the liver and kidneys are common incidental findings. They are generally benign and require no treatment. They can appear sporadically or as part of a syndrome, and are characterised by their anechoic structure and posterior enhancement in ultrasound imaging. Increased size, haemorrhage or infection of a cyst can lead to development of symptoms. Along with surgical options and laparoscopic cyst fenestration, ultrasound-guided sclerotherapy of symptomatic cysts represents an effective and safe minimally invasive treatment option.

Ultrasound-guided central vascular interventions, comments on the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology guidelines on interventional ultrasound

“…The aim of this paper is to summarize and comment on the recently published European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (EFSUMB) on interventional ultrasound (INVUS), part VI, US-guided vascular interventions (13), to give practical advice and to illustrate the procedures. We refer also to the current EFSUMB guidelines on INVUS (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18) on contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) (19)(20)(21), elastography (22,23), and comments on the guidelines (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29).…”

The EFSUMB website, a great source for ultrasound information and education

“…The guidelines consist of six main parts that are published in Ultraschall in der Medizin / European Journal of Ultrasound [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], an introduction [19] and Editorial [18] and comment papers [31][32][33]. In addition, EFSUMB has made recommendations for the performance and reporting of US examinations in portal hypertension [34,35].…”

“…In addition, EFSUMB has made recommendations for the performance and reporting of US examinations in portal hypertension [34,35]. Comments on EFSUMB guidelines have been published as well [18,32,33,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Most recently we refer to the Pediatric Position paper on the use of CEUS [44].…”

Cystic and alveolar echinococcosis of the hepatobiliary tract – the role of new imaging techniques for improved diagnosis

“…Category CE3 cysts are in the process of degenerating and so defined as "transitional active" and can be further subdivided by morphology; CE3a is morphological characterized by the so-called "water-lily" sign representing floating membranes, whilst subgroup CE3b is characterized predominantly by solid daughter-cyst components. The presence of daughter cysts, whether ruptured or calcified, guides decisions regarding local ablative treatment [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Unfortunately, morphological signs may not distinguish between vital and avital echinococcosis, which is key to differentiation of stages CE3a and CE3b.…”