Percutaneous peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) in post-amputation pain management: A comprehensive review

Abstract

A new percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) device is described in this paper as a potential treatment for amputation-related neuropathic pain and functional impairment in military service members and veterans. Recent advances have made it feasible to inject thin wire-coiled PNS leads percutaneously under ultrasound guidance, allowing doctors to get around the problems and invasiveness of traditional PNS systems. Avoiding the femoral and sciatic nerves may minimize the hazards associated with these leads. Phantom limb pain (PLP) is experienced by an estimated 40% - 80% of amputees. This article provides a concise summary of current studies that examine the impact of PNS technological advancements on neuromodulation. This research aimed to provide healthcare providers with up-to-date, evidence-based suggestions for alleviating post-amputation discomfort.