Percutaneous Nephrostolithotomy: Complications of Premature Nephrostomy Tube Removal

Intravenous misplacement of nephrostomy tube following percutaneous nephrolithotomy: Three new cases and review of seven cases in the literature

“…Placing a nephrostomy tube in the collecting system following PCNL is a routine practice, and, in addition to its other advantages, it is an effective method for stopping venous bleeding (16). If severe venous bleeding is noted during the PCNL process, the procedure is always interrupted, and a nephrostomy tube is inserted and kept closed.…”

Outcomes of Standard or Tubeless Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

“…Winfield ve ark., PNL sonrası erken nefrostomi çekimine bağlı majör komplikasyon bildirdikleri çalışmalarında, ilk 24-48 saat süresince nefrostomi tüpü ile drenaj önermişlerdir. 15 1997 yı-lında, Bellman ve ark. tarafından sunulan drenaj için internal üreteral stent yerleştirme yaklaşımı, "tüpsüz" perkütan adıyla literatürde tekrar gün-deme gelmiştir.…”

Prospective study comparing the safety and efficacy of totally tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy vs standard percutaneous nephrolithotomy

“…However, in 1986, Winfield et al 9 reported prolonged hospitalization and pain in two patients after percutaneous stone removal when nephrostomy tubes were not left in place. Thereafter, placing a nephrostomy tube at the end of a percutaneous procedure became standard.…”