Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of the Testis

Hendricks, Frederick; Lambird, Perry A.; Murphy, Gerald P.

doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)37036-4

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The idea was first described by Charney and was used clinically by Hotchkiss (Mahajan et al , 1999). Since then, several less‐invasive methods for obtaining testicular material have been used such as ‘tru‐cut’ prostatic needle biopsy (Hendricks et al , 1979) and fine‐needle aspiration cytology (Hunher, 1928). Obrant and Persson were the pioneers in FNA of the testis and they popularized the method in 42 patients with azoospermia (Obrant & Persson, 1965; Persson et al , 1971).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of fine-needle aspiration and open biopsy of testis in sperm retrieval and histopathologic diagnosis

Aridogan¹,

Bayazıt²,

Yaman³

et al. 2003

Andrologia

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This study aimed to compare the diagnostic value of testicular fine-needle aspiration (FNA) with open biopsy in infertile males with azoospermia or severe oligozoospermia and to evaluate the reliability of testicular sperm extraction by FNA. A total of 76 testes of 40 patients, 34 with azoospermia, four oligozoospermia and two patients who underwent orchidectomy as a result of cancer of prostate were included. Detailed clinical and laboratory examinations were performed and two semen analyses were obtained from each patient. A 20-ml 26 gauge 13-mm needle was used for FNA and smears were stained with May-Grunwald-Giemsa and Papanicolaou stain. An open biopsy was performed in each patient after FNA and the samples were stained with haematoxylen-eosin. Smears and histological stains were examined and compared under light microscopy by the same pathologist. In 69 of the 76 testes (90%) FNA cytology results agreed with the histology. In four testes, the aspirate was unsatisfactory and in three testes, spermatocytic arrest was found cytologically while subsequent biopsies revealed diffuse fibrosis. In 15 of 16 patients (93.7%) with normal and hypospermatogenesis, spermatozoa had been extracted by FNA. Spermatozoa could not be obtained after neither FNA nor open biopsy in the remaining 24 patients. Testicular FNA in infertile males is a simple, reliable and minimally invasive diagnostic tool. It is as effective as open biopsy for testicular sperm extraction and good results can be achieved in experienced hands.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of fine-needle aspiration and open biopsy of testis in sperm retrieval and histopathologic diagnosis

Aridogan¹,

Bayazıt²,

Yaman³

et al. 2003

Andrologia

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“…Since then, various less invasive methods for obtaining testicular material have been evaluated, e.g. the ‘Trucut’ prostatic needle [ 3] or Vim Silverman needle [ 4]. However, these methods gained little popularity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of fine‐needle aspiration cytology of the testis in the diagnostic evaluation of infertility

Mahajan¹,

Ali²,

Walwalkar

et al. 1999

BJU International

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Objective To compare the diagnostic value of cytological (all spermatogenic cells present except spermatids and spermatozoa). There was a good correlation between smears of fine-needle aspirate with that of histological sections obtained by testicular biopsy in the evaluation the diagnosis on the cytological smears and histological sections in 58 of 60 patients (97%). In two patients of infertility. Patients and methods The study included 60 patients there was scanty aspirate and few cells, giving an inaccurate diagnosis. Interstitial cells were not with azoospermia or severe oligospermia (sperm counts of < 5 million/mL). A detailed history was detected on cytological smears. In three patients, Sertoli-cell only was diagnosed on cytology, and histaken and the external genitalia examined. Testicular samples were obtained by fine-needle aspiration using tology revealed additional features of Leydig cell hyperplasia. a 10 mL syringe and 21 G needle; the air-dried smears were stained using the May-Grunwald-GiemsaConclusion Fine-needle aspiration of the testis is a simple and minimally invasive technique for diagnostic evalumethod. A testicular biopsy was taken after exploring the same tract and these sections were stained with ation, especially in patients with obstructive azoospermia. Patients with abnormal findings on fine-needle haematoxylin and eosin. The cytological smears and histological sections were examined separately and aspiration cytology may be evaluated histologically by further biopsy. the results compared. Results The cytological smears were divided into three

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“…However, its greatest value is in the assessment of spermatogenesis in azoospermic males, particularly in NOA, where it can lead to conserving the tissue of an already-failing organ. As an alternative to open testicular biopsy, for the last 40 years, it has helped to characterise states of human male infertility due to defective spermatogenesis [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of the Testes for the Classification of Azoospermia and Its Value in the Assessment of Male Infertility

et al. 2019

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Background: Infertility is an ever-increasing problem in today's world. It can be due to male or female causes. Azoospermia seen in 5-10% of infertile men is due to obstructive or non-obstructive causes. Traditionally, testicular biopsy is the gold standard for evaluation. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA), however, is minimally invasive, provides qualitative and quantitative information about spermatogenesis, and can aid in assisted reproductive techniques making it a novel technique for the evaluation of male infertility. Objective: We aimed to classify different causes of azoospermia into different patterns based upon FNA, and assess the utility of cell indices in classifying cases into different patterns. Method: We conducted a prospective and a retrospective study of 42 azoospermic males, confirmed on semen analysis, over a period of 5 years. Patients were subjected to FNA of the testes. Smears were prepared, air-dried, wet-fixed, and then stained with May-Grünwald Giemsa and Papanicolaou stains, respectively. Cells were identified using predetermined morphologic criteria, and various indices were calculated followed by statistical analysis of the observations. Re-sults: The mean age of 40 patients who satisfied the adequacy criteria was 32.75 years (range 22-48 years). Thirty-four patients had primary infertility and 6 had secondary infertility. Of these, 12 had normal spermatogenesis, 8 had hypospermatogenesis, 3 had early and 7 had late maturation arrest, 6 had Sertoli cell-only syndrome (SCOS), and there were different results in each testicle in 4 cases. The Sperm Index (SI) was significantly higher in all cases of normal spermatogenesis than in any of the hypo-spermatogenesis cases (p = 0.009). The Sertoli Index (SEI) in cases of hypo-spermatogenesis and maturation arrest was significantly higher than in cases of normal spermatogenesis (p < 0.001). The Sperm-Sertoli Index (SSI) also showed significant differences between cases of hypo-spermatogenesis and normal spermatogenesis (p < 0.001). These indices were useful in categorising patients with azoospermia. Conclusion: FNA helps to easily and accurately identify all types of testicular cells without biopsy. SI, SEI, and SSI are powerful cell indices for assessing the extent of spermatogenesis and classifying various causes of azoospermia. Bilateral sampling and multiple aspirations give a better mapping of spermatogenesis within the testes. Testicular FNA can thus play a very important role in the evaluation of male infertility.

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Percutaneous Needle Biopsy of the Testis

Cited by 21 publications

References 2 publications

Comparison of fine-needle aspiration and open biopsy of testis in sperm retrieval and histopathologic diagnosis

Comparison of fine-needle aspiration and open biopsy of testis in sperm retrieval and histopathologic diagnosis

The role of fine‐needle aspiration cytology of the testis in the diagnostic evaluation of infertility

Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology of the Testes for the Classification of Azoospermia and Its Value in the Assessment of Male Infertility

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