Percutaneous effective closure of severe aortic prosthetic paravalvular leak using Amplatzer duct occluder device with the guidance of 3D TEE

Incremental Value of Three‐Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography over the Two‐Dimensional Technique in Percutaneous Closure of Aortic Paraprosthetic Regurgitation

“…In one of the cases, both 2DTEE and 3DTEE were used during the procedure, without mention of the incremental value of 3DTEE over 2DTEE . In the second case, 3DTEE aided in positioning the plug, but the area of the AR VC was not measured by 3DTEE before or after the procedure …”

“…To the best of our knowledge, only 2 cases have been previously reported where 3DTEE was used for percutaneous closure of PAR. 5,6 In one of the cases, both 2DTEE and 3DTEE were used during the procedure, without mention of the incremental value of 3DTEE over 2DTEE. 5 In the second case, 3DTEE aided in positioning the plug, but the area of the AR VC was not measured by 3DTEE before or after the procedure.…”

“…5 In the second case, 3DTEE aided in positioning the plug, but the area of the AR VC was not measured by 3DTEE before or after the procedure. 6 Transthoracic color Doppler echocardiographic assessment of native aortic valve regurgitation was described in the eighties from our laboratory 7,8 and consisted of measuring the proximal AR jet width at the exact point of its origin from the aortic valve into the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT). This is essentially the VC and represents the "hole" or defect in the aortic valve through which AR occurs.…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, only 2 cases have been previously reported where 3DTEE was used for percutaneous closure of PAR . In one of the cases, both 2DTEE and 3DTEE were used during the procedure, without mention of the incremental value of 3DTEE over 2DTEE .…”