Percolation behaviors of model carbon black pastes

Jiang, Jung-Shiun; Guo, Rong-Hao; Chiu, Yu-Shuen; Hua, Chi C.

doi:10.1039/c8sm01591k

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…45 Adding the CB particles to the paraffin oil transformed the free-flowing liquid into a paste with a jammed structure that does not creep under its own weight as illustrated in Figure 1. Note that the time evolution of such CB-loaded pastes has been studied by Jiang et al, 46 The rheological response at larger strain, however, shows that the oil-material has a tendency to flow, in the sense that the loss modulus exceeds the storage modulus as a function of strain in oscillatory shear experiments, as exemplarily shown in Figure 2a for N234-filled oil. In polymer, the nanocomposite made with the same carbon black presents no indication of flow onset as seen in Figure 2b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Payne Effect: Primarily Polymer-Related or Filler-Related Phenomenon?

Warasitthinon

Genix

Sztucki

et al. 2019

Rubber Chemistry and Technology

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The hysteretic softening at small dynamic strains (Payne effect)—related to the rolling resistance and viscoelastic losses of tires—was studied as a function of particle size, filler volume fraction, and temperature for carbon black (CB) reinforced uncrosslinked styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR) and a paste-like material composed of CB-filled paraffin oil. The low-strain limit for dynamic storage modulus was found to be remarkably similar for CB-filled oil and the CB-filled SBR. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements on the simple composites and detailed data analysis confirmed that the aggregate structures and nature of filler branching/networking of carbon black were virtually identical within oil compared to the high molecular weight polymer matrix. The combined dynamic rheology and SAXS results provide clear evidence that the deformation-induced breaking (unjamming) of the filler network—characterized by filler–filler contacts that are percolated throughout the material—is the main cause for the Payne effect. However, the polymer matrix does play a secondary role as demonstrated by a reduction in Payne effect magnitude with increasing temperature for the CB-reinforced rubber, which was not observed to a significant extent for the oil–CB system.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

The Payne Effect: Primarily Polymer-Related or Filler-Related Phenomenon?

Warasitthinon

Genix

Sztucki

et al. 2019

Rubber Chemistry and Technology

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“…For example, shear-induced log-rolling structures aligned in the vorticity direction at low dimensionless shear rates have been observed with CB [22][23][24][25] . The structure of CB also shows shear history dependence, therefore, the suspensions can have a tunable yield stress 26 , elastic modulus 20 , conductivity 27 , and impedance 28 under different shear histories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights on carbon black suspension rheology -- anisotropic thixotropy and anti-thixotropy

Wang¹,

Ewoldt²

2022

Preprint

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We report a detailed experimental study of peculiar thixotropic dynamics of carbon black (CB, Vulcan XC-72) suspensions in mineral oil, specifically the observation of sequential stress increase then decrease at a fixed shear rate in a step-down test. We verify that such dynamics, though peculiar, come from a true material response rather than experimental artifacts. We also reveal how this long-time stress decay is associated with anti-thixotropy, rather than viscoelasticity, by using orthogonal superposition (OSP) rheometry to probe viscoelastic moduli during the step-down tests. The orthogonal storage and loss modulus are present, showing this two-timescale recovery then decay response, which demonstrates that this response is anti-thixotropic, and it involves shearinduced structuring. We further show a mechanical anisotropy in the CB suspension under shear using OSP. Based on the rheological results, a microstructural schematic is proposed, considering qualitatively thixotropic structure build-up, anti-thixotropic densification, and anisotropic structure evolution. Our observation for these CB suspensions is outside the standard paradigm of thixotropic structure-parameter models, and the elastic response provides us with new insight into the transient dynamics of CB suspensions.

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“…A notable feature of the AP hydrocolloids in this study is the applicability of concentration superposition (TCS), as shown in Figure 4. This feature was first rep for suspensions composed of weakly attractive carbon blacks [43], and a recent int tation further attributed the underlying physics to the "colloidal meshes" formed both dilute (dispersed) and concentrated(interconnected) conditions [44]. It thus ap that AP hydrocolloids may have fostered similar (weakly attractive) colloidal spec the range of concentrations investigated.…”

Section: Time-concentration Superposition Of Ap Hydrocolloidsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Although more work is clearly required to resolve the underlying structural features, it seems that AP hydrocolloids share viscoelastic features of both entangled polymer solution and colloidal suspension, making their true attributes highly intriguing. The referred case of weakly attractive carbon black pastes [44] present a somehow likely TCS, however, with the dynamic modulus data over a frequency range of 12 orders of magnitude. The material natures of pectin and carbon blacks are apparently different; yet it is generally believed that soft matter physics principles could alternatively be used to address important problems in the food industry.…”

Section: Time-concentration Superposition Of Ap Hydrocolloidsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Rheological and Textural Properties of Apple Pectin-Based Composite Formula with Xanthan Gum Modification for Preparation of Thickened Matrices with Dysphagia-Friendly Potential

et al. 2021

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Modifying the consistency of a given edible fluid matrix by incorporating food thickeners is a common nursing remedy for individuals with dysphagia when adequate water consumption is a concern. As apple pectin (AP) offers nutraceutical benefits, properly formulated apple pectin (AP)-based thickeners featuring xanthan gum (XG) can be superior candidates for preparation of dysphagia-friendly matrices (DFMs). Our recruited DFMs exhibit fluid-like behavior (loss modulus > storage modulus, G” > G’) at lower AP concentrations (2 and 5%, w/w); they turn into weak/critical gels (G’ ≈ G”) as the concentration becomes higher (9%). In contrast, XG-DFMs display gel-like attributes with G’ > G”, even at rather low concentrations (<1%) and become more resistant to sugar, Na+, and Ca2+ modifications. The composite matrix of AP1.8XG0.2 (constraint at 2%) exhibits a confined viscosity of 278 ± 11.7 mPa∙s, which is considered a DFM, in comparison to only AP- or XG-thickened ones. The hardness measurements of XG0.6 and AP1.2XG0.8 are 288.33 ± 7.506 and 302.00 ± 9.849 N/m2, respectively, which potentially represent a promising formulation base for future applications with DFMs; these textural values are not significantly different from a commercially available product (p > 0.05) for dysphagia nursing administrations.

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Percolation behaviors of model carbon black pastes

Cited by 11 publications

References 82 publications

The Payne Effect: Primarily Polymer-Related or Filler-Related Phenomenon?

The Payne Effect: Primarily Polymer-Related or Filler-Related Phenomenon?

New insights on carbon black suspension rheology -- anisotropic thixotropy and anti-thixotropy

Rheological and Textural Properties of Apple Pectin-Based Composite Formula with Xanthan Gum Modification for Preparation of Thickened Matrices with Dysphagia-Friendly Potential

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