Percolation and polaritonic effects in periodic planar nanostructures evolving from holes to islands

Peng, Yifei; Paudel, Trilochan; Chen, W.-C.; Padilla, Willie J.; Ren, Zhifeng; Kempa, Krzysztof

doi:10.1063/1.3462935

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Critical behavior consistent with these dependencies has been confirmed theoretically for SPPS 18 and via simulations for CPPS. 16 Here, we demonstrate the universal critical behavior of spectra in the high frequency plasmonic range in CPPS near the percolation threshold by studying experimentally the transmittance of light in the infrared (IR) and visible ranges. Additionally, we show radio frequency conductivity measurements in selected CPPS structures.…”

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confidence: 90%

“…This is justified by the finite numerical mesh size, comparable to the adjustment. on the island side of the CPPS, [15][16][17][18] with the main maxima becoming minima and vice versa (Figure 2(c)). The evolution of the transmittance spectra in CPPS reveals the expected critical behavior at the percolation threshold.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…As a result of the Babinet principle, 14 the electromagnetic response spectra for a percolation series, evolving from hole to island arrays, are closely related. [15][16][17][18] A very high symmetry periodic percolation series is obtained with square holes (square periodic percolation series, SPPS), where the patterns on opposite sides of the percolation threshold form complementary Babinet pairs. 18 In this work, we employ a simple and easy technique to manufacture periodic percolation series based on a hexagonal array of circular holes (circular periodic percolation series, CPPS).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…18 In this work, we employ a simple and easy technique to manufacture periodic percolation series based on a hexagonal array of circular holes (circular periodic percolation series, CPPS). 16 This special example of the percolation problem represents a case of a discontinuous percolation transition, 9 extensively studied in the context of explosive percolation, 19 with an instantaneously expanding correlation length f, the length scale that determines the size of the cluster of connected islands, at the PT. This implies that f $ (p cp) À for p < p c , with the critical exponent !…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Here, all solid lines represent hole arrays, and all dashed lines represent island arrays. It can be shown 6,[16][17][18] that the dielectric function for hole arrays is also given by Eq. (6), but with different constants.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evidence for critical scaling of plasmonic modes at the percolation threshold in metallic nanostructures

Akinoglu

Sun

Gao

et al. 2013

Applied Physics Letters

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Evidence for critical scaling of plasmonic modes at the percolation threshold in metallic nanostructures

Akinoglu

Sun

Gao

et al. 2013

Applied Physics Letters

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A Subwavelength Extraordinary‐Optical‐Transmission Channel in Babinet Metamaterials

Chen

Landy

Kempa

et al. 2013

Advanced Optical Materials

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The study of light coupling to small apertures in metallic fi lms has a long and illustrious history. In 1897 Lord Rayleigh treated the problem by using the concept of effective dipoles. Most recently, researchers have made these apertures periodic, where they exhibited so-called extraordinary optical transmission (EOT) -transmission effi ciencies far in excess of unity at wavelengths greater than the lattice parameter of the surface. This behavior is not predicted by standard aperture theory as developed by Bethe in 1944, [ 1 ] nor was it noticed before fabricational and measurement techniques had advanced to the point that EOT could be observed at optical wavelengths. However, in 1998 Ebbesen et al. [ 2 ] showed EOT in the near-infrared and posited that this stemmed from plasmon coupling between surfaces. Since then, EOT [2][3][4][5] has been studied with increasing detail in both theoretical and experimental capacities. This result led to a fl urry of intense theoretical and experimental research to probe the nature of this extraordinary optical transmission.Babinet metamaterials [6][7][8] may also be described as periodic apertures in metal fi lms. Metamaterials are structured periodic metallic patterns which enable the construction of materials with specifi ed electromagnetic properties, some of which cannot be obtained via naturally occurring materials. [ 9,10 ] Metamaterials exhibit electromagnetic resonances where the resonant wavelength is signifi cantly larger than the physical dimensions of the individual elements. Thus metamaterials are subwavelength media and well described by the optical constants ε and μ . [ 11 ] In transmission metamaterials (scatterers) yield an absorptive like minimum feature at resonance, but are otherwise highly transmissive outside of this band. In contrast Babinet metamaterials (apertures)-made by taking the 'inverse' metamaterial structure-yield opposite behavior and exhibit a transmission maxima near resonance. [ 12,13 ] Here we describe both Babinet metamaterials and EOT by an effective medium theory with plasmons playing a particularly important role. We further show that by utilizing metamaterial shaped apertures, we can augment the EOT effect. Specifi cally, it is demonstrated that Babinet metamaterials exhibit higher transmission effi ciencies at lower frequencies than traditional ellipsoidal and quadrilateral hole designs.Light transmission through patterned metallic surfaces display more complicated scattering, (compared to transmission in bulk metals), which is not easily reconciled with Drude theory. Specifi cally, drilled holes in metals exhibit transmission maxima far below the plasma frequencies of metals, even considering the fi nite hole size by accounting for diffraction. Most research has focused on holes of simple geometry to provide analytical models of the plasmon dispersion, and good progress has been made to accurately describe the transmission properties and clarify the contribution from surface modes. [14][15][16][17] Although there has been some exp...

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Transmission of Light through Magnetic Nanocavities

Patoka

Škereň

Hilgendorff

et al. 2011

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The transmission of light through a metallic film stack on a transparent substrate, perforated with a periodic array of cylindrical holes/nanocavities, is studied. The structure is fabricated by using self-assembled nanosphere lithography. Since one layer in the film stack is made of a ferromagnetic metal (iron), exposure of the structure to a solution containing iron oxide nanoparticles causes nanoparticle accumulation inside the nanocavities. This changes the dielectric constant inside the nanocavities and thus affects the light transmission. Simulations are in good agreement with experiment, and show large sensitivity of the response to the amount of iron oxide nanoparticles deposited. This could be used in various sensor applications.

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Percolation and polaritonic effects in periodic planar nanostructures evolving from holes to islands

Cited by 11 publications

References 19 publications

Evidence for critical scaling of plasmonic modes at the percolation threshold in metallic nanostructures

Evidence for critical scaling of plasmonic modes at the percolation threshold in metallic nanostructures

A Subwavelength Extraordinary‐Optical‐Transmission Channel in Babinet Metamaterials

Transmission of Light through Magnetic Nanocavities

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