Perchlorate: Ecological and Human Health Effects

Clarkson, Jacquelyn; Sager, Shawn L.; Locey, Betty J.; Yu, Lu; Silberhorn, Eric M.

doi:10.1007/1-4020-4476-3_05

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Recent biologically based dose-response modeling of the relationships among iodide status, perchlorate dose, and thyroid hormone production in pregnant women and the fetus shows that iodide intake has a profound effect on the likelihood that exposure to goitrogenic chemicals will produce hypothyroxinemia (Lumen et al, 2013). For example, iodine supplementation has been shown to counteract perchlorate's developmental effects experimentally (Clarkson et al, 2006;Sparling et al, 2003). Ensuring adequate iodine intake is thus not only essential for healthy fetal and neonatal development in general, but prevents the potential effects of goitrogens such as perchlorate (Blount et al, 2006;EPA, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine supplementation and drinking-water perchlorate mitigation

Lewandowski

Peterson

Charnley³

2015

Food and Chemical Toxicology

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Ensuring adequate iodine intake is important, particularly among women of reproductive age, because iodine is necessary for early life development. Biologically based dose-response modeling of the relationships among iodide status, perchlorate dose, and thyroid hormone production in pregnant women has indicated that iodide intake has a profound effect on the likelihood that exposure to goitrogens will produce hypothyroxinemia. We evaluated the possibility of increasing iodine intake to offset potential risks from perchlorate exposure. We also explored the effect of dietary exposures to nitrate and thiocyanate on iodine uptake and thyroid hormone production. Our modeling indicates that the level of thyroid hormone perturbation associated with perchlorate exposures in the range of current regulatory limits is extremely small and would be overwhelmed by other goitrogen exposures. Our analysis also shows that microgram levels of iodine supplementation would be sufficient to prevent the goitrogenic effects of perchlorate exposure at current regulatory limits among at risk individuals. The human health risks from supplementing drinking water with iodine are negligible; therefore, this approach is worthy of regulatory consideration.

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