Perceptual priming in schizophrenia evaluated by word fragment and word stem completion

Soler, María José; Ruíz, Juan Carlos; Aragón, Martín L. Vargas; Dasí, Carmen; Fuentes, Inma

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2011.08.008

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In contrast, recognition memory for facial expressions was impaired in participants with schizophrenia. Consistent with previous reports, we observed that implicit memory is preserved in the context of impaired explicit memory in individuals with schizophrenia (Clare et al, 1993; Schwartz et al, 1993; Marie et al, 2001; Soler et al, 2011). Thus, the present results extend the findings of intact implicit memory for words and common objects in schizophrenia to include priming for faces with emotional expressions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…We utilized a perceptual priming paradigm in which the identical visual stimulus was repeated following initial encoding to provide a window into the early visual stages of face processing that might support implicit memory for facial expressions. At the behavioral level, several studies in schizophrenia have shown that repetition priming in a variety of implicit memory tasks is not impaired (Clare et al, 1993, Schwartz et al, 1993; Gras-Vincendon et al, 1994; Doniger et al, 2001; Soler et al, 2011). But these studies have examined priming for words and common objects and not facial expressions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural basis of implicit memory for socio-emotional information in schizophrenia

Schwartz¹,

Vaidya

Shook

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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Individuals with schizophrenia are impaired in processing social signals such as facial expressions of emotion. Perceiving facial expressions is a complex process that depends on a distributed neural network of regions involved in affective, cognitive, and visual processing. We examined repetition priming, a non-conscious form of perceptual learning, to explore the visual-perceptual processes associated with perceiving facial expression in people with schizophrenia. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was also employed to probe the sensitivity of face-responsive regions in the ventral pathway to the repetition of stimuli. Subjects viewed blocks of novel and repeated faces displaying fear expressions and neutral expressions and identified each face as male or female. Gender decisions were faster for repeated encoding relative to initial encoding of faces, indicating significant priming for facial expressions. Priming was normal in schizophrenia patients, but, as expected, recognition memory for the expressions was impaired. Neuroimaging findings showed that priming-related activation for patients was reduced in the left fusiform gyrus, relative to controls, regardless of facial expression. The findings suggest that schizophrenia patients have altered neural sensitivity in regions of the ventral visual processing stream that underlie early perceptual learning of objects and faces.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural basis of implicit memory for socio-emotional information in schizophrenia

Schwartz¹,

Vaidya

Shook

et al. 2013

Psychiatry Research

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“…The study of implicit memory in schizophrenia is not as well understood. Though implicit memory as a whole seems to be unimpaired in this population ( Soler et al, 2011 ), it is important to note that implicit memory is multidimensional and that there are dissociations between tasks which target different subtypes. Generally, assessments of implicit memory can be broken down into two subgroups: purely perceptual tasks involving study-specific stimuli, and conceptually driven tasks which require participants to understand broader concepts that may require breadth of knowledge surpassing the context of a given task ( Soler et al, 2011 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effectiveness of fast mapping to promote learning in schizophrenia

Korenic

Nisonger

Krause

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research: Cognition

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Fast mapping (FM), a process that promotes the expeditious incidental learning of information, is thought to support rapid vocabulary acquisition in young children through extra-medial temporal lobe (MTL) regions. A recent study suggested that patients with MTL damage resulting in profound amnesia were able to learn novel word-image associations using an FM paradigm. The present study investigated whether FM would be an effective strategy to promote learning for individuals with schizophrenia, a severe mental illness associated with compromised MTL functionality. Twenty-five patients with schizophrenia and 27 healthy control subjects completed trials of incidental FM encoding (experimental condition) and explicit encoding (EE, control condition) over the course of three visits spaced one week (± 2 days) apart. All participants were evaluated for recognition 10 minutes after each encoding condition was presented, and again one week (± 2 days) later. Results indicate that both groups performed better on the EE recognition trials when compared to FM (p’s < 0.05). For the FM recognition trials, both groups performed similarly. However, participants with schizophrenia performed significantly worse on the EE recognition trials than healthy control participants (p’s < 0.05). While participants with schizophrenia did not perform significantly worse when assessed for FM recognition, these results do not provide enough evidence to suggest that FM facilitates learning to a greater extent in schizophrenia when compared to EE. Whether FM may benefit a subgroup of patients with schizophrenia remains a focus of further investigation.

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“…Long-term memory was measured by using the WFC task. WFC is a method of measuring long-term memory indirectly by completing the nonsense syllable already learned [15][16][17]. is study refers to previous studies that applied the WFC task to long-term memory and measured it in accordance with long-term memory.…”

Section: Long-term Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of LED Lighting on Attention and Long-Term Memory

Lee

Kim

2020

International Journal of Optics

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The fact that the illuminance of LED lights affects human attention and long-term memory has been verified through various studies, but there are no consistent research results about what level of illuminance is effective. The aims of this study were to systematically verify the effects of LED lighting on attention and long-term memory. The experiment was designed with four illuminance levels—300 lx, 400 lx, 500 lx, and 1,000 lx—as experimental conditions to determine the effects of LED lights on attention and long-term memory. Participants in the experiment were 18 college students. The attention task was performed using a handmade attention measuring instrument. Long-term memory was measured by the word fragment completion (hereinafter, referred to as “WFC”) task on the memory retention volume of the learning task that was learned exactly 24 hours before. Of the total 20 tasks, the ratio of correctly retrieval tasks was used as a dependent variable. As a result, attention showed the highest performance with a mean performance of 19.39 (SD = 3.78) at 1,000 lx. A statistically significant difference was also found between the 1,000 lx and 300 lx conditions (p=0.01). On the contrary, long-term memory showed the highest retrieval rate at an average of 58.06% (SD = 22.57) at 400 lx, and long-term memory performance was better in the order of 500 lx (mean = 48.89, SD = 20.33), 1,000 lx (mean = 45.83, SD = 23.53), and 300 lx (Mean = 43.33, SD = 19.10). Statistically, there was a significant difference between 300 lx and 400 lx (p=0.01), 400 lx and 1,000 lx (p=0.01). Through this study, it was verified that the effects of attention and long-term memory are different according to the illuminance of LED lighting, and these results can be important data to clarify the influence of light on human memory in the future.

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Perceptual priming in schizophrenia evaluated by word fragment and word stem completion

Cited by 13 publications

References 35 publications

Neural basis of implicit memory for socio-emotional information in schizophrenia

Neural basis of implicit memory for socio-emotional information in schizophrenia

Effectiveness of fast mapping to promote learning in schizophrenia

The Influence of LED Lighting on Attention and Long-Term Memory

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