Perceptual learning in face processing: Comparison facilitates face recognition

Dwyer, Dominic M.; Vladeanu, Matei

doi:10.1080/17470210802661736

Cited by 10 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…This method aimed at training perceptual rather than memory processes and shares design elements with the Philadephia Face Similarity Test (Thomas, Lawler, Olson, & Aguirre, 2008) and another study of perceptual face training (Bate et al, 2015). The design reflected evidence from previous studies of perceptual learning of faces that suggested an advantage for simultaneous over sequential faces in discrimination tasks (Mundy, Honey, Downing, et al, 2009;Mundy, Honey, & Dwyer, 2007 and better perceptual learning for faces shown alongside similar rather than dissimilar faces (Dwyer & Vladeanu, 2009).…”

Section: Within-session Training Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual Learning of Faces: A Rehabilitative Study of Acquired Prosopagnosia

Davies‐Thompson

Fletcher

Hills

et al. 2017

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Despite many studies of acquired prosopagnosia, there have been only a few attempts at its rehabilitation, all in single cases, with a variety of mnemonic or perceptual approaches, and of variable efficacy. In a cohort with acquired prosopagnosia, we evaluated a perceptual learning program that incorporated variations in view and expression, which was aimed at training perceptual stages of face processing with an emphasis on ecological validity. Ten patients undertook an 11-week face training program and an 11-week control task. Training required shape discrimination between morphed facial images, whose similarity was manipulated by a staircase procedure to keep training near a perceptual threshold. Training progressed from blocks of neutral faces in frontal view through increasing variations in view and expression. Whereas the control task did not change perception, training improved perceptual sensitivity for the trained faces and generalized to new untrained expressions and views of those faces. There was also a significant transfer to new faces. Benefits were maintained over a 3-month period. Training efficacy was greater for those with more perceptual deficits at baseline. We conclude that perceptual learning can lead to persistent improvements in face discrimination in acquired prosopagnosia. This reflects both acquisition of new skills that can be applied to new faces as well as a degree of overlearning of the stimulus set at the level of 3-D expression-invariant representations.

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Section: Within-session Training Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual Learning of Faces: A Rehabilitative Study of Acquired Prosopagnosia

Davies‐Thompson

Fletcher

Hills

et al. 2017

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

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“…One possibility that builds on exemplar views is that exposure to multiple speakers and linguistic contexts allows listeners to compare tokens to identify the similarities and differences across them and distinguish relevant from irrelevant variation, thus inducing category structure for accent-specific regularities (Gentner & Markman, 1994). The role of comparison has been examined in the categorization of novel objects (Gentner & Namy, 1999; Namy & Gentner, 2002), artistic styles (Kang & Pashler, 2012; Kornell & Bjork, 2008), and in face recognition (Clutterbuck & Johnston, 2005; Dwyer & Vladeanu, 2009). Kornell and Bjork (2008), for example, found that participants who saw paintings by different artists interleaved (spaced) during training better identified novel paintings by these artists than participants who saw the paintings blocked by artist (massed).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of training structure in perceptual learning of accented speech.

Tzeng¹,

Alexander²,

Sidaras³

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Perfor

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Foreign-accented speech contains multiple sources of variation that listeners learn to accommodate. Extending previous findings showing that exposure to high-variation training facilitates perceptual learning of accented speech, the current study examines to what extent the structure of training materials affects learning. During training, native adult speakers of American English transcribed sentences spoken in English by native Spanish-speaking adults. In Experiment 1, training stimuli were blocked by speaker, sentence, or randomized with respect to speaker and sentence (Variable training). At test, listeners transcribed novel English sentences produced by Spanish-accented speakers. Listeners’ transcription accuracy was highest in the Variable condition, suggesting that varying both speaker identity and sentence across training trials enabled listeners to generalize their learning to novel speakers and linguistic content. Experiment 2 assessed the extent to which ordering of training tokens by a single factor, speaker intelligibility, would facilitate speaker-independent accent learning, finding that listeners’ test performance did not reliably differ across conditions. Overall, these results suggest that the structure of training exposure, specifically trial-by-trial variation on both speaker’s voice and linguistic content, facilitates learning of the systematic properties of accented speech. The current findings suggest a crucial role of training structure in optimizing perceptual learning. Beyond characterizing the types of variation listeners encode in their representations of spoken utterances, theories of spoken language processing should incorporate the role of training structure in learning lawful variation in speech.

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“…One possibility that builds on exemplar views is that exposure to multiple speakers and linguistic contexts allows listeners to compare tokens to identify the similarities and differences across them and distinguish relevant from irrelevant variation, thus inducing category structure for accentspecific regularities (Gentner & Markman, 1994). The role of comparison has been examined in the categorization of novel objects (Gentner & Namy, 1999;Namy & Gentner, 2002), artistic styles (Kang & Pashler, 2012;Kornell & Bjork, 2008), and in face recognition (Clutterbuck & Johnston, 2005;Dwyer & Vladeanu, 2009). Kornell and Bjork (2008), for example, found that participants who saw paintings by different artists interleaved (spaced) during training better identified novel paintings by these artists than participants who saw the paintings blocked by artist (massed).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Training Structure on Perceptual Learning of Accented Speech

Tzeng¹,

Nygaard²

2012

PsycEXTRA Dataset

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Foreign-accented speech contains multiple sources of variation that listeners learn to accommodate. Extending previous findings showing that exposure to high-variation training facilitates perceptual learning of accented speech, the current study examines to what extent the structure of training materials affects learning. During training, native adult speakers of American English transcribed sentences spoken in English by native Spanish-speaking adults. In Experiment 1, training stimuli were blocked by speaker, sentence, or randomized with respect to speaker and sentence (Variable training). At test, listeners transcribed novel English sentences produced by Spanish-accented speakers. Listeners' transcription accuracy was highest in the Variable condition, suggesting that varying both speaker identity and sentence across training trials enabled listeners to generalize their learning to novel speakers and linguistic content. Experiment 2 assessed the extent to which ordering of training tokens by a single factor, speaker intelligibility, would facilitate speaker-independent accent learning, finding that listeners' test performance did not reliably differ across conditions. Overall, these results suggest that the structure of training exposure, specifically trial-by-trial variation on both speaker's voice and linguistic content, facilitates learning of the systematic properties of accented speech. The current findings suggest a crucial role of training structure in optimizing perceptual learning. Beyond characterizing the types of variation listeners encode in their representations of spoken utterances, theories of spoken language processing should incorporate the role of training structure in learning lawful variation in speech.

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Perceptual learning in face processing: Comparison facilitates face recognition

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

Perceptual Learning of Faces: A Rehabilitative Study of Acquired Prosopagnosia

Perceptual Learning of Faces: A Rehabilitative Study of Acquired Prosopagnosia

The role of training structure in perceptual learning of accented speech.

The Role of Training Structure on Perceptual Learning of Accented Speech

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