Perceptual inference and autistic traits

Skewes, Joshua; Jegindø, Else-Marie Elmholdt; Gebauer, Line

doi:10.1177/1362361313519872

Cited by 58 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…There is a growing literature in this area of computational psychiatry that we will briefly summarize. Similar arguments have also been applied in other psychiatric conditions; particularly autism: see (Lawson et al, 2014, Paton et al, 2012, Pellicano and Burr, 2012, Skewes et al, 2014, Van de Cruys et al, 2014). …”

Section: Gain Control and Precision In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 77%

The dysconnection hypothesis (2016)

Friston

Brown

Siemerkus

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research

458

336

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Twenty years have passed since the dysconnection hypothesis was first proposed (Friston and Frith, 1995; Weinberger, 1993). In that time, neuroscience has witnessed tremendous advances: we now live in a world of non-invasive neuroanatomy, computational neuroimaging and the Bayesian brain. The genomics era has come and gone. Connectomics and large-scale neuroinformatics initiatives are emerging everywhere. So where is the dysconnection hypothesis now? This article considers how the notion of schizophrenia as a dysconnection syndrome has developed – and how it has been enriched by recent advances in clinical neuroscience. In particular, we examine the dysconnection hypothesis in the context of (i) theoretical neurobiology and computational psychiatry; (ii) the empirical insights afforded by neuroimaging and associated connectomics – and (iii) how bottom-up (molecular biology and genetics) and top-down (systems biology) perspectives are converging on the mechanisms and nature of dysconnections in schizophrenia.

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Section: Gain Control and Precision In Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 77%

The dysconnection hypothesis (2016)

Friston

Brown

Siemerkus

et al. 2016

Schizophrenia Research

458

336

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In those cases, prior information should also be learned and used inefficiently, as findings by Skewes, Jegindø, and Gebauer (2014) suggest. However, extracting a mean estimate for a single display (e.g., contrast detection, average motion discrimination, or numerosity estimation) should not pose a problem in ASD when the display does not include noise that should be weighted differently than the rest of the input, nor will learning a prior cause difficulties in such conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling signal and noise in autism spectrum disorder

Cruys

Hallen

Wagemans

2017

Brain and Cognition

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a b s t r a c tPredictive coding has recently been welcomed as a fruitful framework to understand autism spectrum disorder. Starting from an account centered on deficient differential weighting of prediction errors (based in so-called precision estimation), we illustrate that individuals with autism have particular difficulties with separating signal from noise, across different tasks. Specifically, we discuss how deficient precision-setting is detrimental for learning in unstable environments, for context-dependent assignment of salience to inputs, and for robustness in perception, as illustrated in coherent motion paradigms.

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“…‘High systemizers’ might be able to structure their tapping better than ‘low systemizers’ causing lower variability across all conditions. This effect of personality might be related to altered predictive processing in people high in systemizing4647.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxytocin improves synchronisation in leader-follower interaction

Gebauer

Witek

Hansen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The neuropeptide oxytocin has been shown to affect social interaction. Meanwhile, the underlying mechanism remains highly debated. Using an interpersonal finger-tapping paradigm, we investigated whether oxytocin affects the ability to synchronise with and adapt to the behaviour of others. Dyads received either oxytocin or a non-active placebo, intranasally. We show that in conditions where one dyad-member was tapping to another unresponsive dyad-member – i.e. one was following another who was leading/self-pacing – dyads given oxytocin were more synchronised than dyads given placebo. However, there was no effect when following a regular metronome or when both tappers were mutually adapting to each other. Furthermore, relative to their self-paced tapping partners, oxytocin followers were less variable than placebo followers. Our data suggests that oxytocin improves synchronisation to an unresponsive partner’s behaviour through a reduction in tapping-variability. Hence, oxytocin may facilitate social interaction by enhancing sensorimotor predictions supporting interpersonal synchronisation. The study thus provides novel perspectives on how neurobiological processes relate to socio-psychological behaviour and contributes to the growing evidence that synchronisation and prediction are central to social cognition.

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Perceptual inference and autistic traits

Cited by 58 publications

References 23 publications

The dysconnection hypothesis (2016)

The dysconnection hypothesis (2016)

Disentangling signal and noise in autism spectrum disorder

Oxytocin improves synchronisation in leader-follower interaction

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