Perceptual identification and the cross-race effect

The Impact of Race and Inclusionary Status on Memory for Ingroup and Outgroup Faces

“…However, much of the work on the ORE uses similar methodological approaches in which the identical images are used in both phases of the study (e.g., Ackerman et al, 2006;Baldwin, Keefer, Gravelin, & Biernat, 2013;Bernstein et al, 2007;Marcon, Susa, & Meissner, 2009;Pauker, Ambady, & Freeman, 2013;Shriver et al, 2008;Van Bavel et al, 2012;Young, Hugenberg, Bernstein, & Sacco, 2009). Although some work has examined how changes in pose affect the ORE, such changes often have no impact on the general effect (e.g., Marcon, Meissner, Frueh, Susa, & MacLin, 2010). Nonetheless, continued research that moves from using invariant images to those that do have variations is an important avenue for continued study.…”

Neural correlates of own- and other-race face perception: Spatial and temporal response differences

“…Although there is limited data on identification speed for own-and other-race faces, a recent study Marcon et al (2010) suggests that other-race faces are identified more slowly than own-race faces. Support for this claim comes from Marcon et al's finding of a magnified other-race effect, when they limited encoding/processing times to be brief.…”

Can I see your passport please? Perceptual discrimination of own- and other-race faces

“…Given prior research on the CRE using perceptual discrimination paradigms (e.g., Lindsay et al, 1991;Marcon et al, 2010;Megreya et al, 2011;Sporer et al, 2007) and studies such as Kemp et al (1997) demonstrating surprising inaccuracy in a face identification paradigm similar to that of the document screening context, we predicted that the CRE would be evidenced in participants' performance in a simultaneous perceptual discrimination task, and that participants would be significantly less calibrated in their estimates of confidence when identifying other-race (relative to own-race) face pairings. Further, we predicted that conditions that challenge feature recruitment processes would be more likely to evidence the CRE, including the use of aged photographs and disguises by a traveller.…”

“…Results of this study demonstrated that the CRE was present such that White participants performed significantly worse on trials involving African-American faces relative to trials involving White faces. A more recent series of studies conducted by Marcon et al (2010) demonstrated a robust CRE using a perceptual discrimination paradigm that involved a sequential ''visual search'' task requiring participants to identify a person among a group of photographs. Finally, Sporer et al (2007) also demonstrated a strong CRE using the simultaneous presentation of stimuli in a visual search task.…”

“…Prior research by Marcon et al (2010) suggests that as the difficulty of feature recruitment increases (either by taxing memory processes at encoding or retention, or increasing perceptual confusion at test), the CRE will be more likely in a perceptual discrimination task. In the current studies we assess whether certain stimulus factors that challenge feature recruitment might moderate the CRE in the document screening context.…”