Perceptual identification across the life span: a dissociation of early gains and late losses

Waszak, Florian; Schneider, Werner X.; Li, Shu-Chen; Hommel, Bernhard

doi:10.1007/s00426-008-0139-5

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…It has the advantage over reaction times of providing measures of processing that are not confounded with execution or motor selection issues. Additionally, it is often used as a robust predictor of susceptibility to cognitive dysfunction since larger backward masking is typically associated with lower functioning, a finding noted in schizophrenics (Green & Nuechterlein, 1999;McClure, 2001;Saccuzzo et al, 1996), dyslexics (Di Lollo, Hanson, & McIntyre, 1983;Lovegrove & Brown, 1978;Williams & Lecluyse, 1990), and older adults (Di Lollo, Arnett, & Kruk, 1982;Waszak, Schneider, Li, & Hommel, 2009). Here we show that action video game experience can change visual backward masking, but in this case for the better.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing backward masking through action game training

et al. 2010

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Action video game play enhances basic visual skills such as crowding acuity and contrast sensitivity (C. S. Green & D. Bavelier, 2007; R. Li, U. Polat, W. Makous, & D. Bavelier, 2009). Here, we ask whether the dynamics of perception may also be altered as a result of playing action games. A backward masking paradigm was used to test the hypothesis that action video game play also alters the temporal dynamics of vision. As predicted, action gamers showed reduced backward masking and an accompanying training study established the causal role of action game play in this enhancement. Implications of this result are discussed in the context of the faster reaction times and enhanced sensitivity also documented after action game play.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing backward masking through action game training

et al. 2010

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“…Waszak, Schneider, Li, & Hommel, 2009). Thus far, little is known about differences or similarities in the underlying mechanisms of attentional control of auditory perception between child development and healthy aging.…”

Section: Development Of Auditory Perception and Attentional Control Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This article is intended solely for the personal use of the individual user and is not to be disseminated broadly. Waszak, Schneider, Li, & Hommel, 2009). Thus far, little is known about differences or similarities in the underlying mechanisms of attentional control of auditory perception between child development and healthy aging.…”

Section: Development Of Auditory Perception and Attentional Control D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of attentional control of verbal auditory perception from middle to late childhood: Comparisons to healthy aging.

Passow¹,

Müller²,

Westerhausen³

et al. 2013

Developmental Psychology

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Multitalker situations confront listeners with a plethora of competing auditory inputs, and hence require selective attention to relevant information, especially when the perceptual saliency of distracting inputs is high. This study augmented the classical forced-attention dichotic listening paradigm by adding an interaural intensity manipulation to investigate developmental differences in the interplay between perceptual saliency and attentional control during auditory processing between early and middle childhood. We found that older children were able to flexibly focus on instructed auditory inputs from either the right or the left ear, overcoming the effects of perceptual saliency. In contrast, younger children implemented their attentional focus less efficiently. Direct comparisons of the present data with data from a recently published study of younger and older adults from our group suggest that younger children and older adults show similar levels of performance. Critically, follow-up comparisons revealed that younger children's performance restrictions reflect difficulties in attentional control only, whereas older adults' performance deficits also reflect an exaggerated reliance on perceptual saliency. We conclude that auditory attentional control improves considerably from middle to late childhood and that auditory attention deficits in healthy aging cannot be reduced to a simple reversal of child developmental improvements.

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“…Identification rate is moderately affected by the age. Waszak et al (2009) reported that performance in visual identification under backward pattern masking increases from childhood to early adulthood and then decreases, describing a U-shaped function. Our findings seem to confirm this relation through a weak effect between age and identification performance, particularly at 19.5 ms condition; on the other hand, these results are inconclusive for an age effect on liking ratings (ie subliminal priming effect).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Between-Subjects Test of the Lower-Identification/Higher-Priming Paradox

et al. 2013

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An under-recognised U-shaped model states that unconscious and conscious perceptual effects are functionally exclusive and that unconscious perceptual effects manifest themselves only at the objective detection threshold, when conscious perception is completely absent. We tested the U-shaped line model with a between-subjects paradigm. Angry, happy, neutral faces, or blank slides were flashed for 5.5 ms and 19.5 ms before Chinese ideographs in a darkened room. A group of volunteers (n = 84) were asked to rate how much they liked each ideograph and performed an identification task. According to the median identification score two subgroups were composed; one with 50% or < 50% identification scores (n = 31), and one with above 50% identification scores (n = 53). The hypothesised U-shaped line was confirmed by the findings. Affective priming was found only at the two extreme points: the 5.5 ms condition of the low-identification group (subliminal perception) and the 19.5 ms condition of the > 50% high-identification group (supraliminal perception). The two intermediate points (19.5 ms of the low-identification group and 5.5 ms of the high-identification group) did not correspond to significant priming effects. These results confirm that a complete absence of conscious perception is the condition for the deployment of unconscious perceptual effects.

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Perceptual identification across the life span: a dissociation of early gains and late losses

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Reducing backward masking through action game training

Reducing backward masking through action game training

Development of attentional control of verbal auditory perception from middle to late childhood: Comparisons to healthy aging.

A Between-Subjects Test of the Lower-Identification/Higher-Priming Paradox

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