Perceptual grouping in striate cortical networks mediated by synchronization and desynchronization

Yen, Shih-Cheng; Menschik, Elliot D.; Finkel, Leif H.

doi:10.1016/s0925-2312(98)00164-7

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The inputs from these leaders then facilitate synchronization in low-density regions, where the elements may not be able to synchronize by themselves. A simple simulation was given in [68], and [88] observed a similar phenomenon by setting different interior connection weights inside different subgroups. Note that the leaders group here is very similar to the concept of core group in infectious disease dynamics [44], which is a group of the most active individuals.…”

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confidence: 77%

“…Initiated by Huygens in the 17th century, the study of coupled oscillators involves today a variety of research fields, such as mathematics [13,58,74,75], biology [10,48,73], neuroscience [6,24,31,43,50,64,87,88], robotics [4,32], and electronics [9], to cite just a few. Theoretical analysis of coupled oscillators can be performed either in phase-space, as e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On partial contraction analysis for coupled nonlinear oscillators

2004

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We describe a simple but general method to analyze networks of coupled identical nonlinear oscillators, and study applications to fast synchronization, locomotion, and schooling. Specifically, we use nonlinear contraction theory to derive exact and global (rather than linearized) results on synchronization, anti-synchronization and oscillator-death. The method can be applied to coupled networks of various structures and arbitrary size. For oscillators with positive-definite diffusion coupling, it can be shown that synchronization always occur globally for strong enough coupling strengths, and an explicit upper bound on the corresponding threshold can be computed through eigenvalue analysis. The discussion also extends to the case when network structure varies abruptly and asynchronously, as in "flocks" of oscillators or dynamic elements.

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confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On partial contraction analysis for coupled nonlinear oscillators

2004

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“…These long-range horizontal connections mature at adolescence, just at the time when schizophrenic symptoms are manifested. In previous modeling studies, it has been demonstrated that long-range connections are capable of synchronizing the firing of cortical cells, particularly in the presence of appropriate neuromodulators [48]. These findings, together with the evidence reviewed by Lopes da Silva et al [16] suggest that schizophrenia may arise from a fundamental defect in the mechanisms controlling transient synchronization in Nacc, with functional consequences at multiple levels for its afferent and efferent partners.…”

Section: Application To Understanding Schizophreniamentioning

confidence: 93%

Computational modeling of medium spiny projection neurons in nucleus accumbens: toward the cellular mechanisms of afferent stream integration

2001

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The nucleus accumbens (Nacc) regulates the major feedback pathways linking prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala. We describe simulations of a biophysical level model of a single medium spiny projection (MSP) neuron, the principle cell of the Nacc. The model suggests that the unusual bistable membrane potential of MSP cells arises from the interplay between two potassium currents, K IR and K A . We find that the transition from the membrane potential down state (~-85mV) to the upstate (~-60mV)requires a significant barrage of synchronized inputs, and that ongoing afferent stimulation is required to maintain the cell in the up state. The Nacc receives the densest dopaminergic innervation in the brain, and the model demonstrates, in agreement with recent experimental evidence, that dopamine acts to increase the energy barrier to membrane potential state transitions. Through its action on K IR and L-type Ca 2+ channels, dopamine selectively lowers cell gain in the down state and increases it in the up state, a mechanism for context-dependent gain control.These findings suggest a mechanism of afferent pattern integration in the accumbens arising from transient synchronization among ensembles of MSP neurons. We attempt to relate these findings to possible origins of abnormalities of sensory gating in schizophrenia. KeywordsBistability, frontal cortex, medium spiny projection (MSP) neuron, modeling, simulation, striatum. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of the University of Pennsylvania's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to pubs-permissions@ieee.org. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.

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“…Some recent models and experimental studies challenge the idea that visual contours emerge through gradual accumulation of feedforward and feedback signals over time. Some models postulate that contours are represented by neurons that emit coincident spikes, rather than by the strength of their firing rates (Yen et al 1999). Others hypothesize that the first feedforward wave of activity following stimulus onset is sufficient to represent boundary contours (VanRullen et al, 2001).…”

Section: Reconciling Fast Feedforward and Slower Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another consequence of the emphasis on fast feedforward integration is that the model predicts that real and illusory contours take approximately the same amount of time to be perceived, which is inconsistent with psychophysical data. Yen et al (1999) simulated a more elaborate network of compartmental neurons in which a kernel of long-range anisotropic excitatory connections was used to promote synchronous spiking among populations coding for collinear edges, with the intent of showing how spike timing could be used as an index of which edge a given neuron represents. However, the stimuli used in that study consisted only of real boundary contours.…”

Section: Comparison With Other Spiking Models Of Groupingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Running as fast as it can: How spiking dynamics form object groupings in the laminar circuits of visual cortex

2010

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How spiking neurons cooperate to control behavioral processes is a fundamental problem in computational neuroscience. Such cooperative dynamics are required during visual perception when spatially distributed image fragments are grouped into emergent boundary contours. Perceptual grouping is a challenge for spiking cells because its properties of collinear facilitation and analog sensitivity occur in response to binary spikes with irregular timing across many interacting cells. Some models have demonstrated spiking dynamics in recurrent laminar neocortical circuits, but not how perceptual grouping occurs. Other models have analyzed the fast speed of certain percepts in terms of a single feedforward sweep of activity, but cannot explain other percepts, such as illusory contours, wherein perceptual ambiguity can take hundreds of milliseconds to resolve by integrating multiple spikes over time. The current model reconciles fast feedforward with slower feedback processing, and binary spikes with analog network-level properties, in a laminar cortical network of spiking cells whose emergent properties quantitatively simulate parametric data from neurophysiological experiments, including the formation of illusory contours; the structure of non-classical visual receptive fields; and self-synchronizing gamma oscillations. These laminar dynamics shed new light on how the brain resolves local informational ambiguities through the use of properly designed nonlinear feedback spiking networks which run as fast as they can, given the amount of uncertainty in the data that they process.

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Perceptual grouping in striate cortical networks mediated by synchronization and desynchronization

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

On partial contraction analysis for coupled nonlinear oscillators

On partial contraction analysis for coupled nonlinear oscillators

Computational modeling of medium spiny projection neurons in nucleus accumbens: toward the cellular mechanisms of afferent stream integration

Running as fast as it can: How spiking dynamics form object groupings in the laminar circuits of visual cortex

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