Perceptual episodes, temporal attention, and the role of cognitive control: Lessons from the attentional blink

Snir, Guy; Yeshurun, Yaffa

doi:10.1016/bs.pbr.2017.07.008

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…Finally, one may wonder whether temporal crowding is related to the attentional blink phenomenon, in which the identification of a second target is impaired when the temporal interval between it and a first target is within the range of about 200-600 ms (e.g., Chun & Potter, 1995;Raymond et al, 1992; for a recent review, see Snir & Yeshurun, 2017). However, the attentional blink phenomenon is fundamentally different from temporal crowding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal crowding is a unique phenomenon reflecting impaired target encoding over large temporal intervals

Tkacz-Domb

Yeshurun

2021

Psychon Bull Rev

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Crowding refers to impaired object identification when presented with other objects, and it is well established that spatial crowding-crowding from adjacent objects-affects many aspects of visual perception and cognition. A similar interference also occurs across time-the identification of a target object is impaired when distracting objects precede and succeed it. When such interference is observed with relatively long interitem intervals it is termed temporal crowding. Thus far, little was known about temporal crowding and its underlying processes. Particularly it was unknown which aspects of visual processing are impaired by temporal crowding, and the answer to this question bears critical theoretical implications. To reveal the nature of this impairment we used a continuous-report task and a mixture-model analysis. In three experiments, observers viewed sequences of three oriented items separated by relatively long intervals (170-475ms). The target was the second item in the sequence, and the task was to reproduce its orientation. The findings suggest that temporal crowding impairs target encoding and increases substitution errors, but there was no evidence of a reduced signal-to-noise ratio. This pattern of results was similar regardless of stimuli duration and target-distractor similarity. However, it differed considerably from the pattern found for ordinary masking and spatial crowding, indicating that temporal crowding is a unique phenomenon. Moreover, the finding that temporal crowding affected the precision of target encoding even when the items were separated by almost half a second suggests that visual processing requires a surprisingly long time to complete.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal crowding is a unique phenomenon reflecting impaired target encoding over large temporal intervals

Tkacz-Domb

Yeshurun

2021

Psychon Bull Rev

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“…An attentional blink occurs when the processing of an initial target item in an RSVP stream consumes limited-capacity attentional resources, making them relatively unavailable for subsequent item processing (for reviews, see Dux & Marois, 2009;Snir & Yeshurun, 2017). In the current task, a single word was embedded in a stream of nonsense strings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) presents a stream of items one after another in the same spatial location at a rate of six to 20 items/sec. When participants must identify two successive targets in this stream, identification of the first target (T1) tends to be highly accurate; identification of the second target (T2), however, is generally impaired the more closely it follows the first (Broadbent & Broadbent, 1987; for reviews see Dux & Marois, 2009;Martens & Wyble, 2010;Snir & Yeshurun, 2017). The only exception is when T1 and T2 are presented in immediate succession such that T2 lags T1 by only one position in the RSVP stream (e.g., Chun & Potter, 1995;Raymond, Shapiro, & Arnell, 1992).…”

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confidence: 99%

Remember to blink: Reduced attentional blink following instructions to forget

Taylor

2018

Atten Percept Psychophys

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This study used rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) to determine whether, in an item-method directed forgetting task, study word processing ends earlier for forget words than for remember words. The critical manipulation required participants to monitor an RSVP stream of black nonsense strings in which a single blue word was embedded. The next item to follow the word was a string of red fs that instructed the participant to forget the word or green rs that instructed the participant to remember the word. After the memory instruction, a probe string of black xs or os appeared at postinstruction positions 1-8. Accuracy in reporting the identity of the probe string revealed an attenuated attentional blink following instructions to forget. A yes-no recognition task that followed the study trials confirmed a directed forgetting effect, with better recognition of remember words than forget words. Considered in the context of control conditions that required participants to commit either all or none of the study words to memory, the pattern of probe identification accuracy following the directed forgetting task argues that an intention to forget releases limited-capacity attentional resources sooner than an instruction to remember-despite participants needing to maintain an ongoing rehearsal set in both cases.

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“…More precisely, the ability to identify and report a target stimulus (T2) is reduced when it appears with a short delay (typically 150-500 ms) after a prior target (T1). While numerous theories have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, a controversial debate is still ongoing (Dux and Marois, 2009; Snir and Yeshurun, 2017). An undisputed mechanistic account of the AB based on neurophysiological findings is yet missing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A key role of the hippocampal P3 in the attentional blink

Derner

Reber

Faber

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The attentional blink (AB) refers to an impaired identification of target stimuli (T2), which are presented shortly after a prior target (T1) within a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) stream. It has been suggested that the AB is related to a failed transfer of T2 into working memory and that hippocampus (HC) and entorhinal (EC) cortex are regions crucial for this transfer. Since the event-related P3 component has been linked to inhibitory processes, we hypothesized that the hippocampal P3 elicited by T1 may impact on T2 processing within HC and EC. To test this hypothesis, we reanalyzed microwire data from 21 patients, who performed an RSVP task, during intracranial recordings for epilepsy surgery assessment (Reber et al., 2017). We identified T1-related hippocampal P3 components in the local field potentials (LFPs) and determined the temporal onset of T2 processing in HC/EC based on single-unit response onset activity. In accordance with our hypothesis, T1-related single-trial P3 amplitudes at the onset of T2 processing were clearly larger for unseen compared to seen T2-stimuli. Moreover, increased T1-related single-trial P3 peak latencies were found for T2[unseen] versus T2[seen] trials in case of lags 1 to 3, which was in line with our predictions. In conclusion, our findings support inhibition models of the AB and indicate that the hippocampal P3 elicited by T1 plays a central role in the AB.

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Perceptual episodes, temporal attention, and the role of cognitive control: Lessons from the attentional blink

Cited by 15 publications

References 80 publications

Temporal crowding is a unique phenomenon reflecting impaired target encoding over large temporal intervals

Temporal crowding is a unique phenomenon reflecting impaired target encoding over large temporal intervals

Remember to blink: Reduced attentional blink following instructions to forget

A key role of the hippocampal P3 in the attentional blink

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