Perceptions of pharmacists' roles in the era of expanding scopes of practice

Schindel, Theresa J.; Yuksel, Nesé; Breault, René R.; Daniels, Jason; Varnhagen, Stanley; Hughes, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2016.02.007

Cited by 103 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…and GPs' attitudes towards extended services in this review reflected international findings, where pharmacists in North America, Asia, Australasia, South America and Europe were also enthusiastic towards the concept of providing extended services (Dosea et al, 2017;Fang, Yang, Feng, Ni, & Zhang, 2011;Kinsey, Scahill, Bye, & Harrison, 2016;Kjome, Sandberg, & Granas, 2008;Schindel et al, 2017). Moreover, lack of awareness (Bjorkman, Viberg, Rydberg, & Stalsby Lundborg, 2008;Fakih, Marriott, & Hussainy, 2016;Freeman, Cottrell, Kyle, Williams, & Nissen, 2012;Wibowo, Sunderland, & Hughes, 2016), issues with community pharmacy premises (Babiker, Carson, & Awaisu, 2014;Bjorkman et al, 2008;Donald et al, 2017;Gray, Chamberlain, & Morris, 2016;Hattingh, Emmerton, Ng Cheong Tin, & Green, 2016;Murphy et al, 2016), lack of management support (Casserlie & Mager, 2016;Donald et al, 2017;Kinsey et al, 2016;Tsao et al, 2016;Watkins, McKee, Hughes, & Pfeiffenberger, 2017) and remuneration (Donald et al, 2017;Gray et al, 2016;Kinsey et al, 2016;Watkins et al, 2017) have also been found in other countries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Solidarity or dissonance? A systematic review of pharmacist and GP views on community pharmacy services in the UK

Hindi

Jacobs

Schafheutle

2018

Health Soc Care Community

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There has been a strong policy emphasis over the past decade on optimising patient-centred care and reducing general practitioners' (GPs') workload by extending community pharmacy services and collaboration between pharmacists and GPs. Our aim was to review current evidence of pharmacists' and GPs' views of extended community pharmacy services and pharmacists' roles in the United Kingdom (UK). A systematic review was undertaken looking at UK studies investigating pharmacists' and/or GPs' views of community pharmacy services or roles from 2005 to 2017. A range of databases were searched including EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (IPA), PsycINFO, Science Direct and The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). In addition, reference lists of included studies were screened and grey literature was searched. Following the application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, the quality of papers was critically analysed, findings were extracted into a grid and subjected to narrative synthesis following thematic analysis. The search strategy yielded a total of 4,066 unique papers from which 60 were included. Forty-seven papers covered pharmacists' views, nine combined both pharmacists' and GPs' views and four covered GPs' views. Study designs included interviews (n = 31, 52%), questionnaire surveys (n = 17, 28%) and focus groups (n = 7, 12%). Three main themes emerged from the data: "attitudes towards services/roles", "community pharmacy organisations" and "external influences". Pharmacists and GPs perceived a number of barriers to successful implementation and integration of pharmacy services. Moreover, collaboration between pharmacists and GPs remains poor despite the introduction of extended services. Overall, extending community pharmacy services require quality-driven incentives and joint working between community pharmacists and GPs to achieve better integration within the patient's primary care pathway.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Solidarity or dissonance? A systematic review of pharmacist and GP views on community pharmacy services in the UK

Hindi

Jacobs

Schafheutle

2018

Health Soc Care Community

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“…Building harmonious relationships with health professionals is key to the implementation of PP . Supporting this, Canadian pharmacists were more likely to prescribe after interdisciplinary team discussions .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

Barriers to pharmacist prescribing: a scoping review comparing the UK, New Zealand, Canadian and Australian experiences

Zhou

Desborough

Parkinson

et al. 2019

International Journal of Pharmacy Practice

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Objectives Non‐medical prescribers, including pharmacists, have been found to achieve comparable clinical outcomes with doctors for certain health conditions. Legislation supporting pharmacist prescribing (PP) has been implemented in the United Kingdom (UK), Canada and New Zealand (NZ); however, to date, Australian pharmacists have not been extended prescribing rights. The purpose of this review was to describe the barriers to PP found in the literature from the UK, Canada, NZ and Australia, and examine the implications of these for the development of PP in Australia. Methods We conducted a scoping review, which included peer‐reviewed and grey literature, and consultation with stakeholders. Sources – Scopus, PubMed and CINAHL; Google Scholar, OpenGrey and organisational websites from January 2003 to March 2018 in the UK, Canada, NZ and Australia. Inclusion criteria – articles published in English, related to implementation of PP and articulated barriers to PP. Key findings Of 863 unique records, 120 were reviewed and 64 articles were eligible for inclusion. Three key themes emerged: (1) Socio‐political context, (2) Resourcing issues and (3) Prescriber competence. The most common barriers were inadequate training regarding diagnostic knowledge and skills, inadequate support from authorities and stakeholders, and insufficient funding/reimbursement. Conclusions If implementation of PP is to occur, attention needs to be focused on addressing identified barriers to PP implementation, including fostering a favourable socio‐political context and prescriber competence. As such, a concerted effort is required to develop clear policy pathways, including targeted training courses, raising stakeholder recognition of PP and identifying specific funding, infrastructure and resourcing needs to ensure the smooth integration of pharmacist prescribers within interprofessional clinical teams.

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“…This result is consistent with pharmacist satisfaction with expanded prescriber services. [6][7][8] However, a survey study by Neuhauser and colleagues 9 found no significant difference in job satisfaction between immunization-certified and noncertified pharmacists. Factors that can impact pharmacist satisfaction include barriers such as training, time to implement new services, and gaining staff and management support.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacists as vaccinators: An analysis of their experiences and perceptions of their new role

Gerges

Peter

Bowles

et al. 2017

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Perceptions of pharmacists' roles in the era of expanding scopes of practice

Cited by 103 publications

References 27 publications

Solidarity or dissonance? A systematic review of pharmacist and GP views on community pharmacy services in the UK

Solidarity or dissonance? A systematic review of pharmacist and GP views on community pharmacy services in the UK

Barriers to pharmacist prescribing: a scoping review comparing the UK, New Zealand, Canadian and Australian experiences

Pharmacists as vaccinators: An analysis of their experiences and perceptions of their new role

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