Perception of three-dimensional shape influences colour perception through mutual illumination

Bloj, Marina; Kersten, Daniel; Hurlbert, Anya

doi:10.1038/47245

Cited by 277 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The rules for organizing frameworks and assigning surfaces to them are complex and not fully-understood. The three-dimensional structure of a scene could also guide the segmentation of scenes into frameworks, and it is likely that there are analogous effects of three-dimensional organization on color perception~e.g., Bloj et al, 1999;Doerschner et al, 2004!. Ikeda et al~1998! examined lightness perception in scenes comprising two small rooms arranged in depth with a doorway between them, patterned after Gilchrist~1977!.…”

Section: Lightness Perception With Changes In Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface color perception in three-dimensional scenes

et al. 2006

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Researchers studying surface color perception have typically used stimuli that consist of a small number of matte patches~real or simulated! embedded in a plane perpendicular to the line of sight~a "Mondrian," Land & McCann, 1971!. Reliable estimation of the color of a matte surface is a difficult if not impossible computational problem in such limited scenes~Maloney, 1999!. In more realistic, three-dimensional scenes the difficulty of the problem increases, in part, because the effective illumination incident on the surface~the light field! now depends on surface orientation and location. We review recent work in multiple laboratories that examines~1! the degree to which the human visual system discounts the light field in judging matte surface lightness and color and~2! what illuminant cues the visual system uses in estimating the flow of light in a scene.

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Section: Lightness Perception With Changes In Locationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface color perception in three-dimensional scenes

et al. 2006

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“…On the one hand, lateral inhibition between retinal neurons filters out shallow intensity gradients, which are mostly caused by illumination effects (4,5). On the other hand, more complex factors also have an effect on lightness perception, such as object shape (6)(7)(8)(9) or the interpretation of transparent surfaces (10,11). However, eye movements have been almost completely neglected so far, even though a general influence of viewing behavior has been shown for some color constancy tasks (12)(13)(14)(15).…”

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confidence: 99%

Optimal sampling of visual information for lightness judgments

Toscani

Valsecchi

Gegenfurtner

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The variable resolution and limited processing capacity of the human visual system requires us to sample the world with eye movements and attentive processes. Here we show that where observers look can strongly modulate their reports of simple surface attributes, such as lightness. When observers matched the color of natural objects they based their judgments on the brightest parts of the objects; at the same time, they tended to fixate points with above-average luminance. When we forced participants to fixate a specific point on the object using a gaze-contingent display setup, the matched lightness was higher when observers fixated bright regions. This finding indicates a causal link between the luminance of the fixated region and the lightness match for the whole object. Simulations with rendered physical lighting show that higher values in an object's luminance distribution are particularly informative about reflectance. This sampling strategy is an efficient and simple heuristic for the visual system to achieve accurate and invariant judgments of lightness.lightness constancy | lightness perception | visual perception | attention J udging the lightness of visual stimuli has been studied for centuries, since the original investigations by Weber (1) and Fechner (2). The light reaching the eye is the product of the illumination and the reflectance of the object, and also depends on the scene geometry (3). However, only the proportion of reflected light is an invariant property of the object and thus of great importance for vision. There are several well-established factors that support lightness constancy in the face of these challenges. On the one hand, lateral inhibition between retinal neurons filters out shallow intensity gradients, which are mostly caused by illumination effects (4, 5). On the other hand, more complex factors also have an effect on lightness perception, such as object shape (6-9) or the interpretation of transparent surfaces (10, 11). However, eye movements have been almost completely neglected so far, even though a general influence of viewing behavior has been shown for some color constancy tasks (12)(13)(14)(15). This finding is surprising because the visual system needs to sample the local properties of objects and this is accomplished by moving the eyes and the focus of spatial attention around. Because visual acuity, luminance sensitivity, contrast sensitivity, and color sensitivity change with retinal eccentricity (16-18), our visual system has to stitch together its representation of the world from many small samples to analyze the visual scene in detail. Peripheral vision is not only characterized by poor resolution, but also the appearance of basic visual features-like spatial frequency, luminance, or chromatic saturation-is distorted in the periphery of the visual field (19-22). Eye movements may then be used to select relevant information, even for stimuli that are above threshold in peripheral vision. We investigated whether the distribution of fixations on an object has an e...

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“…Several investigators have implemented the coincidence avoidance theory using Bayesian models for computer vision problems to identify objects as well as surface characteristics (9)(10)(11). To describe the models' function through the square/ cube analogy, they essentially determined how well each interpretation (square or cube) would match the visual input ( Fig.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Coincidence avoidance principle in surface haptic interpretation

Manuel

Klatzky

Peshkin

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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When multiple fingertips experience force sensations, how does the brain interpret the combined sensation? In particular, under what conditions are the sensations perceived as separate or, alternatively, as an integrated whole? In this work, we used a custom force-feedback device to display force signals to two fingertips (index finger and thumb) as they traveled along collinear paths. Each finger experienced a pattern of forces that, taken individually, produced illusory virtual bumps, and subjects reported whether they felt zero, one, or two bumps. We varied the spatial separation between these bump-like force-feedback regions, from being much greater than the finger span to nearly exactly the finger span. When the bump spacing was the same as the finger span, subjects tended to report only one bump. We found that the results are consistent with a quantitative model of perception in which the brain selects a structural interpretation of force signals that relies on minimizing coincidence stemming from accidental alignments between fingertips and inferred surface structures.

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Perception of three-dimensional shape influences colour perception through mutual illumination

Cited by 277 publications

References 17 publications

Surface color perception in three-dimensional scenes

Surface color perception in three-dimensional scenes

Optimal sampling of visual information for lightness judgments

Coincidence avoidance principle in surface haptic interpretation

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