Perception of stigma and associated factors in people with epilepsy at Amanuel Specialized Mental Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Tegegne, Minale Tareke; Awoke, Andargie Abate

doi:10.1080/13651501.2016.1223315

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Compared to urban, rural was generally: less tolerant (Atadzhano et al, ; Birbeck et al, ); less familiar and less knowledgeable (Birbeck et al, ; Kartal & Akyildiz, ); more concerned with marriage prospects (especially younger adults), feasibility of treatment, and psychosocial issues (Yang et al, ); more negative in terms of attitudes (Kartal & Akyildiz, ; Yang et al, ); more likely to be influenced by cultural beliefs, more likely to conceal, be socially excluded, and discriminated against (Tiamkao et al, ); and more likely to experience a reduction in life opportunities (Deresse et al, ; Kartal & Akyildiz, ; Tiamkao et al, ). Tegegne and Awoke () found that rural people with epilepsy were twice as likely to experience stigma in general compared to urban.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health‐related stigma of noncommunicable neurological disease in rural adult populations: A scoping review

Elliot

Morgan

Kosteniuk

et al. 2018

Health Soc Care Community

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Stigma is a widely recognised public health issue. Many people with neurological disease and their families experience stigmatisation, adding to their burden of illness. Rural populations are typically small, lack anonymity, and often have a higher proportion of older adults with inadequate access to specialised services and resources. Although generally isolated, rural areas can offer benefits such as a sense of familiarity and interconnectedness. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the existing evidence on stigma associated with non‐communicable neurological disease in rural adult populations and identify key findings and gaps in the literature. Our literature search of peer‐reviewed English language articles published from 1 January 1992 to 22 June 2017 was conducted across five databases yielding 8,209 results. After duplicate removal, pairs of reviewers independently screened 6,436 studies according to inclusion criteria developed a priori; 36 articles were identified for inclusion in this review. Study characteristics were described and illustrated by frequency distribution, findings were grouped thematically, and each of the five types of stigma were identified (social, self, health professional, associative, structural). Four factors influencing stigma (knowledge, familiarity, beliefs, and rurality) and four overarching stigma‐related themes (concealment; exclusion; disempowerment, discrimination, and unequal opportunities; and issues related to healthcare systems and providers) emerged. In urban‐rural comparison studies, rural residents were generally less knowledgeable about the neurological disease and more stigmatised. The impact of other factors (i.e., gender, age, and education) on stigma varied and are stated where associations were reported. Three main gaps were identified including: low attention to stigma related to neurological diseases other than epilepsy, limited cross‐cultural comparisons of stigma related to neurological disease, and inclusion of gender as a variable in the analysis of stigma‐related outcomes in only half of the reviewed studies. Further research is recommended.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health‐related stigma of noncommunicable neurological disease in rural adult populations: A scoping review

Elliot

Morgan

Kosteniuk

et al. 2018

Health Soc Care Community

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“…Our screening for eligible articles resulted in 10 studies (20,(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34), that assessed perceived stigma AND/OR the associated factors among 4016 people with epilepsy in the context of Ethiopia. All of the 10 studies were cross-sectional studies published between 2009 and 2018.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All of the 10 studies were cross-sectional studies published between 2009 and 2018. Of these studies, three were conducted in Addis Ababa (28,29,32); the capital city of Ethiopia, another three were from Oromia regional state (20,33,34), two from Amhara regional state (27,30) and the remaining two from southern Ethiopia (SNNP) (26,31).…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering the measurement tool, one study used Jacoby stigma scale (32), two studies used modi ed Family Interview Schedule (FIS) (20,27), another two used three-item stigma scales (28,34), and four utilized Kili stigma scale (29)(30)(31)33) to measure perceived stigma in people with epilepsy. However, the assessment tool was not speci ed in one of the included studies.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another review of literature in Nigeria, the psychopathology associated with epilepsy is the main factor for perceived stigma in people with epilepsy (37). In Ethiopia too rural residence, poor income and education, young age, frequent seizure occurrence, contagion believe regarding epilepsy, longer duration of epilepsy, and presence of psychopathology was associated with perceived stigma (20,27,29,32,33).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Perceived Stigma in Epilepsy Patients in a Low Income Country; Ethiopia: A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Related Factors.

Necho¹,

Birkie²,

Gedamu³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: The presence of perceived stigma hinders epilepsy patients from help-seeking behavior and diminishes adherence to medical follow up. Despite this, the limitation of aggregate evidence regarding the prevalence and associated factors of perceived stigma existed in Ethiopia. Methods: Our search for eligible articles was accompanied in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and African Index Medicus. An additional manual search by the enumeration of the reference list of other articles was done. We used stata-11 and random-effects models to obtain the average prevalence of perceived stigma. Heterogeneity was assured with the Higgs I2 test and Cochran's Q- statistic. Sensitivity analysis and sub-grouping analyses were done. Qualitative checks for symmetry in funnel plot and quantitative description of Egger's test were done to check a publication bias.Results: Of 1524 articles identified by the electronic and manual search, only 10 articles fulfilled the eligibility criteria and included in the analysis. The average prevalence of perceived stigma was found to be 43.79% (95% CI: 31.84, 55.75). The prevalence of perceived stigma varies across the measurement tool used, study location, and year of publication. The average prevalence of perceived stigma in studies measured with the modified FIS scale was 76.3%; higher than those studies measured with the Kilifi stigma scale; 33.63% and three-item stigma scale; 39.5%. Besides, the average prevalence of stigma was higher in Amhara (53.2 %) and the Oromia region (52.2%). Studies published before 2016 provide higher perceived stigma (56.26 %) than studies published after 2016 (35.47%). Our qualitative analysis revealed that rural residence, low level of education and income, age groups of 18 to 24 years, frequent seizure occurrence, contagion believe regarding epilepsy, duration of epilepsy from 1-10 years, depression and anxiety co-morbidity were among the associated factors with perceived stigma in people with epilepsy.Conclusion: The average prevalence of perceived stigma in people with epilepsy was high and varies across study location, measurement tool, and study's publication year. Management of epilepsy should focus on the stigma component besides the biological intervention.

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Unfavorable public attitude toward people with epilepsy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis study

Srahbzu

Irawan

Halász³

et al. 2023

Epilepsia Open

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ObjectiveThis systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to show the pooled prevalence of unfavorable public attitude toward people with epilepsy (UPATPWE) as well as the effect estimates of associated factors in Ethiopia.MethodsBetween December 1 and 31, 2022, we searched for the English version of published research reports on public attitude toward epilepsy in Ethiopia in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO. The research reports' quality was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. We extracted the relevant information from the searched papers in a Microsoft Excel format and imported it to STATA version 15.0, for analysis. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis (PRISMA) reports guideline was used. A random‐effects meta‐analysis model was used to estimate the Der Simonian and Laird's pooled prevalence of unfavorable public attitude and its associated factors.ResultsNine out of the accessed 104 research papers meeting the pre‐specified criteria were included in this study. The overall pooled prevalence of UPATPWE in Ethiopia is 52.06 (95% CI: 37.54, 66.59), resulting in excommunication, physical punishments, and assaults against people with epilepsy as well as frequent lack of diagnosis and proper treatment. The pooled effect estimates for witnessing a seizure episode were done and it was (AOR = 2.70 [95% CI: 1.13, 6.46]).SignificanceAs interventions and new strategies to change attitudes and facilitate a supportive, positive, and socially inclusive environment for PWE may root in education and scientific research outputs, our result hopefully evokes the policy makers' attention for building a well‐designed and comprehensive health education and campaign strategy.

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Perception of stigma and associated factors in people with epilepsy at Amanuel Specialized Mental Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Abstract: Perceived stigma was found to be a common problem among people living with epilepsy. Therefore, the finding suggests that the need of creating awareness and addressing incorrect conceptions attached to epilepsy.

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Health‐related stigma of noncommunicable neurological disease in rural adult populations: A scoping review

Health‐related stigma of noncommunicable neurological disease in rural adult populations: A scoping review

Perceived Stigma in Epilepsy Patients in a Low Income Country; Ethiopia: A Review and Meta-Analysis of the Prevalence and Related Factors.

Unfavorable public attitude toward people with epilepsy in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis study

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