Perception of audio-visual synchrony in infants at elevated likelihood of developing autism spectrum disorder

Suri, Kirin; Whedon, Margaret; Lewis, M. Jane

doi:10.1007/s00431-023-04871-y

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Deficits have been found across a wide variety of tasks showing less MS benefits on reaction times (Brandwein et al, 2013) and associated electrophysiological indices (Brandwein et al, 2014; see also Irwin et al, 2023), a wider temporal binding window for auditory and visual stimuli (Foss‐Feig et al, 2010; Stevenson, Siemann, Schneider, et al, 2014; Woynaroski et al, 2013), a reduced McGurk effect (Bebko et al, 2014; Stevenson, Siemann, Woynaroski, et al, 2014) and reduced multisensory enhancement in audiovisual speech perception tasks (Foxe et al, 2015; Stevenson et al, 2017; see also Beker et al, 2018 and Feldman et al, 2018 for reviews). More recent evidence suggests that infants at elevated likelihood of developing ASD show less sensitivity to audiovisual synchrony for social (speaking face) events than infants without risk (Suri et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural correlates of audiovisual narrative speech perception in children and adults on the autism spectrum: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study

Ross,

Molholm,

Butler

et al. 2024

Autism Research

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Autistic individuals show substantially reduced benefit from observing visual articulations during audiovisual speech perception, a multisensory integration deficit that is particularly relevant to social communication. This has mostly been studied using simple syllabic or word‐level stimuli and it remains unclear how altered lower‐level multisensory integration translates to the processing of more complex natural multisensory stimulus environments in autism. Here, functional neuroimaging was used to examine neural correlates of audiovisual gain (AV‐gain) in 41 autistic individuals to those of 41 age‐matched non‐autistic controls when presented with a complex audiovisual narrative. Participants were presented with continuous narration of a story in auditory‐alone, visual‐alone, and both synchronous and asynchronous audiovisual speech conditions. We hypothesized that previously identified differences in audiovisual speech processing in autism would be characterized by activation differences in brain regions well known to be associated with audiovisual enhancement in neurotypicals. However, our results did not provide evidence for altered processing of auditory alone, visual alone, audiovisual conditions or AV‐ gain in regions associated with the respective task when comparing activation patterns between groups. Instead, we found that autistic individuals responded with higher activations in mostly frontal regions where the activation to the experimental conditions was below baseline (de‐activations) in the control group. These frontal effects were observed in both unisensory and audiovisual conditions, suggesting that these altered activations were not specific to multisensory processing but reflective of more general mechanisms such as an altered disengagement of Default Mode Network processes during the observation of the language stimulus across conditions.

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