Perception in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Fuermaier, Anselm B. M.; Hüpen, Philippa; Vries, Stefanie M. de; Müller, Morgana; Kok, Francien M.; Koerts, Janneke; Heutink, Joost; Tucha, Lara; Gerlach, Manfred; Tucha, Oliver

doi:10.1007/s12402-017-0230-0

Cited by 50 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Earlier studies examining perceptual function in isolation did not find differences between ADHD and Controls (see [30] for a review). Our result of higher perceptual variability in the ADHD group suggests that the encoding of visual stimuli is less precise than in Controls, at least when experimental conditions simultaneously tax other processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Here, we examine low-level processes related to perceptual encoding. Behavioral studies that examined the quality of perceptual encoding in ADHD in the absence of attentional or executive involvement have found small and inconsistent differences (see [30] for a review). On the other hand, other investigations have found evidence for self-reported impairments in perceptual function in ADHD participants [31,32], or in the general population with ADHD traits [33], as well as deficits in color processing and self-reported visual function in ADHD [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A low-level perceptual correlate of behavioral and clinical deficits in ADHD

Mihali

Young

Adler

et al. 2017

Preprint

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In many studies of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), stimulus encoding and processing (perceptual function) and response selection (executive function) have been intertwined. To dissociate these functions, we introduced a task that parametrically varied low-level stimulus features (orientation and color) for fine-grained analysis of perceptual function, and that also required participants to switch their attention between feature dimensions on a trial-by-trial basis, thus taxing executive processes. Our response paradigm captured task-irrelevant motor output (TIMO), reflecting failures to use the correct stimulus-response rule. ADHD patients had substantially worse perceptual function than Controls, especially for orientation. ADHD participants had also higher TIMO; this measure was strongly affected by the switch manipulation. Across participants, the perceptual variability parameter was correlated with TIMO, suggesting that perceptual deficits could underlie executive function deficits. Based on perceptual variability alone, we were able to classify participants into ADHD and Controls with a mean accuracy of about 77%. Participants' self-reported General Executive Composite score correlated not only with TIMO but also with the perceptual variability parameter. Our results highlight the role of perceptual deficits in ADHD and the usefulness of computational modeling of behavior in dissociating perceptual from executive processes.In Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), self-reported behavioral deficits have been attributed to differences in executive function, attention, and perceptual function. These brain functions can be objectively quantified with behavioral paradigms, but the individual components are often not well separated. ADHD patients tend to have worse executive function than Controls according to several metrics [1][2][3][4], predominantly in response execution and inhibition [5][6][7], but also in switching between stimulus-response rules [8][9][10][11]. It has been pointed out that non-executive processes, such as alertness, accumulation of evidence or drift rate, motivation, or reward processing, might interact with executive ones [12][13][14][15][16]. In the realm of visual attention, differences in accuracy or reaction time have been found in some visual search tasks but not in others [17,18], and no consistent deficits have been found in visuo-spatial orienting [19][20][21][22]. Despite evidence of impaired perceptual function in ADHD from psychiatric assessments [23,24], behavioral studies that examined the quality of perceptual encoding in ADHD in the absence of executive or attentional involvement found small and inconsistent differences (see [25] for a review). There have been attempts to dissociate executive from perceptual function in ADHD within a single task, but the results have been mixed [26][27][28][29]. One complicating factor could be that commonly used stimuli such as faces, letters, or numbers are high-dimensional and have content at many levels. Anot...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A low-level perceptual correlate of behavioral and clinical deficits in ADHD

Mihali

Young

Adler

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…There was no association between HT and ADHD at the behavioural level, however this analysis was based on a very small sample of children meeting the criteria for ADHD (n = 21) in our dataset and therefore the results might not be conclusive ( Supplementary Table S2). Hearing deficits in ADHD have been reported in terms of speech perception 66 , but not in air conduction thresholds. Moreover, the effect of ADHD PRS on HT was reduced after adjusting for cognitive skills, PRS and EA PRS ( Supplementary Table S7), suggesting that the effect was mediated by cognitive factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide association study and polygenic risk score analysis for hearing measures in children

Schmitz

Abbondanza

Paracchini

2020

Preprint

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An efficient auditory system contributes to cognitive and psychosocial development. A right ear advantage in hearing thresholds (HT) has been described in adults and atypical patterns of left/right hearing threshold asymmetry (HTA) have been described for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental conditions. Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on HT have mainly been conducted in elderly participants whose hearing is more likely to be affected by environmental effects. We analysed HT and HTA in a children population cohort (ALSPAC, n = 6,743, 7.6 years). Better hearing was associated with more advanced cognitive skills and higher socioeconomic status (SES). Mean HTA was negative (−0.28 dB), suggesting a left ear advantage in children but mainly driven by females (−0.48 dB in females v -0.09 dB in males). We performed the first GWAS on HT in children and the very first GWAS on HTA (n = 5,344). Single marker trait association analysis did not yield significant hits. Polygenic risk score (PRS) analysis revealed associations of PRS for schizophrenia with HT, which remained significant after controlling for SES and cognitive skills, and of PRS for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) with HTA. Gene-based analysis for HTA reached genome-wide significance for MCM5, which is implicated in axon morphogenesis. This analysis also highlighted other genes associated with contralateral axon crossing. Some of these genes have previously been reported for ASD. These results further support the hypothesis that pathways distinguishing the left/right axis of the brain (i.e. commissural crossing) contribute to both different types of asymmetries (i.e. HTA) and neurodevelopmental disorders.

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“…It is hard to find concordance between adult-reported and clinician-rated symptoms specially in children. In this case parent-reported symptoms are mainly used for assessment [13]. ADHD patients have altered perceptual functions [13].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case parent-reported symptoms are mainly used for assessment [13]. ADHD patients have altered perceptual functions [13]. They exhibit atypical (both hypo-and hyper-) profiles of olfactory, gustatory, sensorimotor, somatosensorfunctionality and multisensory integration [14].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human Bond Communications: Architectures, Challenges, and Possibilities

et al. 2019

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Recent advancements in wireless networks and sensor technologies have enabled continuous monitoring of remote patients. This has opened doors for exploring new frontiers in the domain of smart health-care especially patient monitoring and diagnosis. Scientists and researchers have scouted the novel domain of human bond communications (HBC), which suggests detection and transmission of information using all five human senses (sight, smell, sound, touch, and taste). HBC not only enables these senses to be replicated at a remote location but also helps in diagnosis of several ailments through monitoring. Such a holistic communication medium is facilitated through specialized devices that help health-care experts in making crucial and timely data driven decisions for their patients. In this work, we present state of the art research on HBC and possible interactions between HBC and remote health-care. We present a model HBC framework to assist monitoring and diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) patients. We also mention possible applications as well as challenges posed by HBC applications.

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Perception in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Cited by 50 publications

References 98 publications

A low-level perceptual correlate of behavioral and clinical deficits in ADHD

A low-level perceptual correlate of behavioral and clinical deficits in ADHD

Genome-wide association study and polygenic risk score analysis for hearing measures in children

Human Bond Communications: Architectures, Challenges, and Possibilities

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