Perception and adaptation of agroforestry farmers in Upper Citarum Watershed to climate change

Abstract

Agroforestry is a form of an agricultural system that is adaptive to climate change. Based on the institutional form, the farming system developed under the social forestry program is agroforestry. This form of agroforestry is the essential capital for farmers to establish in their cultivated lands further. This study aim to determine agroforestry farmers’ perceptions in the Upper Citarum Watershed on climate change and the adaptation activities. The sample farmers are a sub-set of farmer households sample in the socio-economic survey conducted by ICASEPS – ACIAR in the collaborative research in 2019. The reliability of the data on variables that reflect farmers’ perceptions of adverse shocks experienced, which directly or indirectly related to climate changes, is tested with Cronbach’s Alpha. Data analysis is performed by cross-tabulation, while multiple regressions are used to determine the effect of social forestry cultivated areas on farmers’ income. The results show that more than 55 percent of farmers participating in social forestry say that since the last ten years climate patterns are increasingly unpredictable. The most negative impacts of climate change impacts are indirect effects which are pests and diseases. Popular adaptation are reactive ones, namely increasing the use of pesticides and more intensive use of inorganic fertilizers. Farmers adaptation which are more synergistic with mitigation such as organic farming or cultivation of perennial crops are still relatively low. The increase in the arable land area due to social forestry has significantly increased farmer’s household income. Referring to this phenomenon, conducive policies to increase farmer participation in these adaptation actions are needed.

Adaptation of Agriculture to Climate Change: A Scoping Review

“…From the reviewed papers, 59 in English and 6 in Russian were included in the table. Most of the articles were from European countries (25) [33,47,71, and Asia (21) [13,17,[103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121], several from African countries (12) [11,68,69,[122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130], also South America (4) [131][132][133][134] and North America (2) [135,136], and one paper from Australia [137]. Of these papers, six [17,100,122,…”

“…High temperatures and changes in precipitation also affect biotic factors, causing indirect effects such as intense weed growth, the incidence of pests and diseases, the introduction of new insects and diseases [13,47,111,112,122,131,134], or abiotic factors, such as widespread loss of nutrients [97,119]. Sea intrusion in coastal agricultural areas leads to agricultural land loss, pollutes freshwater resources, and increases salinity [11,47,109,110,112,115].…”

Optimization agroforestry to address green economy and climate change in Manokwari Regency, West Papua

“…Thus in this area, there is a need to develop rain harvesting management when tropical storms occurred and can then be used during dry periods due to the influence of the El Nino phenomenon. Management of climate change and disaster management is very necessary for implementing modified agroforestry [14,15,16,17,18].…”

Management of the Lati Petangis grand forest park (TAHURA): roles and perceptions of forest farmer groups

“…Forest farmer groups, as the main actors in the management of this grand forest park, which can also be called a form of social forestry, with their traditional knowledge and local wisdom, are expected to play a role in the maintenance of ecosystem balance, control of climate change, and implementation of sustainable practices that will minimize negative impacts on the environment. In addition, their participation in the management of the grand forest park also has significant social and IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1282/1/012009 2 economic impacts, where the increase in the area of cultivated land for growing intercrops due to social forestry has significantly increased farmers' household income, therefore a follow-up policy is needed that is conducive to increasing farmers' participation in this social forestry activity [2]. Communities working in the forest should also be trained and introduced to the technology to inspire them to create new sources of income, Technology must be a priority in any forest development program to increase the role of forests in solving the unemployment problem of rural workers, and the government must also facilitate the processing of forest products so that rural workers around the forest get added value [3].…”