Percepções sobre a justiça entre moradores da cidade de São Paulo: 2001-2013

Abstract

Neste texto, apresentamos e discutimos alguns dados de survey repetido ao longo da primeira década dos anos 2000 sobre as percepções e expectativas da população em relação à justiça. Dado o papel do Judiciário na garantia do estado de direito democrático, um dos elementos-chave para a democracia, pressupomos que o acompanhamento da imagem dessa instituição pela população pode contribuir para seu fortalecimento, em especial quando cresce no mundo uma insatisfação com várias instituições. Os dados apresentados foram coletados na cidade de São Paulo entre os anos de 2001 e 2013, e revelam um quadro complexo em que certa insatisfação em relação à justiça combina com fortes expectativas positivas da atuação de juízes.

Fear and Legitimacy in São Paulo, Brazil: Police-Citizen Relations in a High Violence, High Fear City

“…There are the low levels of trust in public institutions generally (Filgueiras, 2013). There are the high crime rates and high levels of fear of crime (Cardia et al, 2014). There is the role of organized crime at multiple levels in society (something which is a particular issue in our study site of São Paulo, see Dias, 2011;Ruotti, 2016;Willis, 2015).…”

Fear and legitimacy in São Paulo, Brazil: Police–citizen relations in a high violence, high fear city

“…Crucial to the current argument is that the relationship between police and the policed in Brazil may be marked by conflicting attitudes, including fear of being mistreated by the police but also relatively high levels of tolerance of-or at least ambivalence toward-excessive police violence against certain out-groups. Studies show that a fair amount of Brazilians distrust the police (Silva & Beato, 2013) and some fear them (Cardia et al, 2014), yet also that a considerable number do not necessarily condemn police violence when it is targeted at the marginalized and excluded (Briceño-Le on et al, 1999;Caldeira, 2002;Garmany, 2014;Paes-Machado & Noronha, 2002). There have also been calls in upper-middle-class neighborhoods to reinstate the edicts of the military dictatorship (Gonz alez, 2017).…”

“…Brazil provides a context rather different to the liberal democracies in which research on police legitimacy and legal compliance has thus far been concentrated, such as the United States (Sunshine & Tyler, 2003), the UK (Jackson et al, 2012), and Australia (Murphy, 2021). A range of social problems combine in a possibly unique way in Brazil to shape the relationship between individuals and state authorities, especially the police: low levels of trust in public institutions (Filgueiras, 2013); high crime rates and fear of crime (Cardia et al, 2014); the role of organized crime (something which is a particular issue in our study site of São Paulo, see Lessing & Willis, 2019); police violence and a relatively high level of public support (at least among some sections of society) for some of this violence (Caldeira, 2002). Brazil also stands somewhat apart from other Latin American countries in terms of crime, fear, and trust.…”