Perceiving Melodies and Perceiving Musical Colors

The Study of Memorisation in Piano Students in Higher Education in Mexico

“…This procedure is necessary for the memorisation of a pianistic repertoire, which favors comprehension of the structural and global meaning of the piece (Ginsborg, 2004;Hughes, 2010). Additionally, analysis of the score allows the piano students to organise their study as a function of the piece structure, developing a key process to recall all the characteristics of the musical piece (Davies, 2010). Personal strategies are also important in the student's regular practice because they involve the integration of the different types of memory during the rehearsing of the musical pieces, as well as the planning of instrumental practice based on the repetition of the piece until it is memorised.…”

“…Starting from the understanding of the musical work's structure, the individual memorises it analytically, distinguishing more clearly the rhythmic, melodic, harmonic, timbral, and formal elements that make memorisation easier. Thus, musical analysis plays a fundamental role during the assimilation and memorisation process of a piano player's repertoire (Davies, 2010).…”

Visual Endurance and Auditory Perdurance

“…On the other hand, it may be the case that the general identity of an entity at T is determined solely by properties local for T, which allows us to interpret it as an endurant. In fact, both VO and AS are frequently recognized as exemplars of certain categories (Hummel 2013;Davies 2010). For instance, we may identify a VO as a dog or recognize that an AS is a performance of Tchaikovsky's Symphony No.…”

“…Second, in both cases, perceptually experienced entities are distinguished from ground and differentiated from other simultaneously perceived objects and sounds (Matthen 2010;Nudds 2009). Third, objects, as well as sounds are experienced as persisting entities that stay numerically the same despite certain changes and can be re-identified at different moments (Davies 2010;O'Callaghan 2011a). Because of these similarities, it is believed that visually experienced objects and auditorily experienced sounds can be classified as belonging to a common ontological category of individuals (Nudds 2010;Scruton 2009).…”

Memory-related hippocampal activation in the sleeping toddler

“…We assessed the extent to which the hippocampus was successfully activated by the target song, which directly captured toddlers' previous experience, and a reversed song, which corresponded to the target song played backward and thus maintained most of its features (e.g., voice, rhythm, tempo, and key) but modified its melodic pattern. Behavioral research has indicated that adults flexibly recognize learned songs in the face of some change in melody (19), suggesting that both types of stimuli successfully reinstate previous experiences. However, hippocampal activation in adults discriminates among similar memories; for example, adults show greater hippocampal activation when they remember events accurately with all of the details compared with when some details are incorrectly recalled (20,21).…”